Office: 1729 Patterson Office Tower
Office Hours: 11 to 11:45, Mond and Wed.; but drop in any time my door
is open, which is usually.
Phone: 257-3037.
e-mail: msumm2@pop.uky.edu (I think)
website address: www.uky.edu/~msumm2/ (I think)
My Excellent Accomplices
Richard Bailey Dvid Popko
Jessica Flinchum Matt Madej
Jamie Nicholson Jennifer Walton
Stuart Rice
Obey them as you would me. Or better.
Readings: the textbook is Davidson, Gienapp, Heyrman, Lytle, Stoff,
NATION OF NATIONS, vol. II (2).
William L. Riordon, PLUNKITT OF TAMMANY HALL
Studs Terkel, HARD TIMES
Philip Caputo, A RUMOR OF WAR
What This Course is About
This course examines American History from 1865 to the present:
political, economic and social -- Reconstruction, Gilded Age, Progressive
Era, New Deal, Age of Affluence and of Limits, Great Society and two Great
Wars. You will find how much, how little, America has lived up to its ideals:
how it grew from a nation of farms and cotton mills to an industrial giant;
how it became a world power (Top Nation) and what problems this created.
A series of general questions run through this half of American
history. We can divide them into two headings.
1.WHAT IS AN AMERICAN, THIS NEW PERSON? HOW DO AMERICANS COME TO DEFINE
THEMSELVES AS UNIQUE, SEPARATE, A NATIONAL CULTURE?
a) how does nature affect and form them? What effect have they on Nature?
b) what is the role of Providence -- and of the individual -- in defining
the life that he or she will lead?
c) in what ways are Americans shaped by their higher vision (call it
perfectionism, millennialism, the search for a "city on a hill", the desire
to make the world over, a sense of mission), and how does this conflict
with and work with the materialism so often seen in Americans?
d) what is the American dream? and what is its relation to the American
reality?
2. WHAT IS THE CENTER OF AMERICAN SOCIETY?
a) what holds us together? what tears us apart or gives us a common
purpose and common sense of values?
b) what institutions and traditions have shaped our identity as a nation?
c) E Pluribus Unum; out of many, one. How did we become a culture of
many cultures, a harmony of discords? And how did these discords complicate
the way America changed?
d) how does our art, our literature, our music, show up the stresses
and undercurrents of society?
e) how does the tension between chaos and order, liberty and structure,
civilization and wildness, tradition and change, play off in America's
evolution?
f) when, why, how do the "centers" in American life no longer hold?
Links to other courses
Obviously, these questions apply not only to American history
but to other disciplines as well -- Art History, American literature, theater,
American music; and History 109 fulfills the cross-disciplinary "clustering"
requirements that UNIVERSITY STUDIES REQUIRES with English 251-252, A-H
342, or others that the UK Bulletin mentions. In our own ways, each of
us is reaching that same general end, and sharing the same sources.
How Your Grade is Apportioned
20% first midterm,
20% second midterm
30% written and other assignments
30% final examination --
This totals, I hope, 100%
Exams are as follows: 30% is short-answer (identifications);
20% is a ten-minute essay on a topic of my choosing; 50% is a half-hour
essay -- which I choose from a list which you will be given in advance.
Do not assume from the percentages that discussion section is
only 30% of your grade, suitable for blowing off. That's brain-damaged.
The grader/ teaching assistant to whom you are assigned grades ALL your
work (under my supervising eye, admittedly), which totals 100%. You had
better know this person, and this person YOU.
Unforgivable Criminal Acts -- and Venial Ones
Incompletes: don't ask for one. Only under the extremest circumstances
will you get it, such as your own death or nuclear war, each of which will
take documentary proof.
Keeping up: Don't slack off on the reading. The book doesn't
replace lectures, the lectures don't replace the book. Those who delay
and cram a few nights before the exam usually rue the day.
Missed exams: you have to make it up before the others' exams
are passed back. It is YOUR responsibility to contact me -- and at once,
and with what I consider a legitimate excuse -- if you miss an exam. Assignments
passed in late will NOT merit full credit.
These are minor matters. One thing isn't. CHEATING or PLAGIARISM
IN ANY AND ALL FORMS: producing another person's work as your own without
what I consider adequate acknowledgment. See also your information in "Student
Rights & Responsibilities."
Don't expect mercy here. Anyone caught cheating FAILS THE COURSE
(not just the piece of work cheated on) and will face possible suspension
or EXPULSION from the university. I have done it before. I'd do it to my
grandmother, if she tried it. I would certainly do it to YOU.
Queries
You got them? Ask them! Don't be shy. We're willing to help you,
we're wanting to help you, we're waiting to help you.
Attendance
Yes, you are expected to attend lectures, and you MUST attend
discussion groups. Yes, the latter certainly will be considered in assigning
you a final grade in the course.
If you attend, there are certain rules to keep in mind, that
have everything to do with courtesy.
1. Come on time.
2. Do not leave until the lecture is over.
3. Lectures are for my lecturing, and not you conversing, reading
the newspaper, doing crosswords, playing on the computer, kanoodling, or
writing The Great Gatsby, which has already been published. Doing
any of these things is rude to people around you and reflects very badly
on your parents, who we may feel ourselves at liberty to inform. If you
possess a Ring of Power and wish to turn yourself invisible for the duration
of the lecture, we have no objection.
4. If you are sick and contagious, it would be best to stay at
home. Sickness, like everything else, may be better to give than to receive,
and nobody near you wants to receive it.
Redemption Option
If you make a botch of the midterm, don't panic! On Thursday
afternoon at 3:30 p.m. during the last week of classes, you'll have a second
chance -- the Redemption Option. It is the equivalent of the botched exam;
whatever grade you earn, for better or worse, wipes out the original.
A step forward for the first midterm
Other study guides will appear, in due course. Stay tuned.
Possible Short Essays
These are not the ONLY possibilities. But they give you an idea of
the kind of topics you should expect for the 10-minute essay.
1. How did big business get big?
2. Did Reconstruction fail -- and if so, why?
3. What was Populism? What did it want, what did it get?
4. How far does the myth of the West fit the realities?
5. Was there really a New South? How new?
6. Why didn't the South live up to its full promise? And what
was that promise?
7. Who didn't benefit from the industrial revolution? And how
and why?
8. What happened to the Indians?
9. What did it take to succeed in Gilded Age America? Could anyone?
10. How did industrialism change the way Americans lived?
11. How did it change the way they worked?
12. What were the limits on women's opportunity in Gilded Age life?
13. What divided Republican from Democrat in the 1880s?
14. Why did the tariff and civil service reform matter so much?
15. Why did the immigrants come? Were they wholly disappointed?
16. What did the industrial revolution do to family life?
NN= NATION OF NATIONS, chapter
Calendar
Jan. 15th-- INTRODUCTION: Last, Best Hope, 1861-65
Jan 22nd -- A New Birth of Freedom: Emancipation, 1863-68
(NN, 17)
Jan. 27th – The Strange Stillbirth of the New South, 1877-1901 (NN,
18)
Jan 29th-- The Wild West and the Lone Prairie
Feb. 3rd -- Upon What Meat do Our Robber Barons Feed? (NN. 19)
Feb. 5th -- Opportunity? Horatio Alger & the American Dream
(NN, 20)
Feb. 10th-- The Farmer is the Man: the Populist 1890s
Feb. 12th -- EXAM #1
Feb. 17th -- Empire, 1898-1901
Feb. 19th -- Brothels, Bosses, and Boodlers (NN, 19) (Plunkitt)
Feb 24th- TR & the Progressives: Taming the Trusts (NN. 22)
Feb. 26th -- Terrors of Cultural Pluralism, 1895-1915
March 3rd --Dream Betrayed: World War I, 1917-1918 (NN, 23)
March 5th -- Noble Experiments, 1920s (NN, 24)
March 10th -- The Crash of Capitalism, 1929-35 (NN. 25) (Terkel)
March 12th -- New Deal, but Same Old Deck
March 17th, 19th -- VACATION
March 24th-- A New Order in Foreign Policy, 1918-1941 (NN, 26)
March 26th – A New Deal in Warfare, 1941-45
March 31st -- EXAM #2
April 2nd -- A Cloud No Bigger Than a Man's Future (NN, 27)
April 7th -- Screaming Whim-Whams: Red Scare II
April 9th -- Over 180 Million Sold: Affluent America (NN. 28)
April 14th -- Simple Justice: Civil Rights (NN. 29)
Apr 16th -- Power-Broker Liberalism, 1963-75
Apr 21st -- Hearts and Minds: Vietnam (NN. 30) (Caputo)
Apr 23rd -- Telegraph Avenue, Son of Madison Avenue (NN. 31)
April 28th – Behind Every Watergate is a Milhous
April 30th – ‘Tis Not Too Late to Seek a Newer World (NN, 32, 33)
FINAL EXAM – Wednesday, May 7th, 2003 at one in the afternoon.
INTRODUCTION: THE LAST, BEST HOPE
I. NUTS & BOLTS
WHO WE ARE
WHAT TO EXPECT FROM THIS
COURSE
MONSTROUS SINS
REDEMPTION FOR ALL
????
II. AMERICA, 1860
A GRAND TOUR OF A VARIED
PEOPLE
LIBERTY -- DEMOCRACY --
MISSION
SLAVERY: THE GREAT EXCEPTION
CRISIS OF THE UNION
KANSAS-NEBRASKA BILL, 1854
BLEEDING KANSAS, 1855-57
1860: ABRAHAM LINCOLN ELECTED
1861: SECESSION AND WAR
III. TOTAL WAR
BULL RUN, 1861 -- AMATEURS'
LAST CHANCE
TECHNOLOGY CHANGES WAR
MINIE BALL
BREECHLOADERS & RIFLED MUSKETS
GENERAL STUPIDITY COMMANDS
SHILOH
GETTYSBURG
"THAT FROM THESE HONORED
DEAD WE TAKE INCREASED DEVOTION..."
CODA: IS THE WAR WORTH IT?
GENTLEMEN, WE ARE NOT YET OVER":
EMANCIPATION AND EQUALITY
I. SLAVERY'S END
BEN BUTLER AND THE "CONTRABANDS"
IS THE WAR THE LORD'S PUNISHMENT?
“With malice toward none, with charity for all, with FIRMNESS
IN THE RIGHT AS GOD GIVES US TO SEE THE RIGHT, let us strive on to finish
the work we are in…”
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
178,000 BLACKS RALLY ROUND THE FLAG
13TH AMENDMENT
II. WHAT DOES FREEDOM MEAN?
FOUR SURPRISES
1. IS THE SLAVE A DEPENDENT CHILD?
A letter from Jourdon Anderson
2. BLOODBATH TO COME?
3. CAN'T WORK?
4. CAN'T LEARN?
RECONSTRUCTION MISCONSTRUCTS, 1865-77
I. RECONSTRUCTION, ITS HOUR COME ROUND AT LAST
RADICAL REPUBLICANS GO BACK TO THE
D of I
... AND WHAT THEY GOT
THE BASIC CIVIL RIGHTS THAT THE NORTH
EXPECTED
BLACK CODES
BLACK TESTIMONY IN WHITE COURTS
ANDREW
JOHNSONS RECONSTRUCTION
CIVIL RIGHTS ACT
FREEDMEN'S BUREAU
THREE AMENDMENTS
13TH AMENDMENT -- ENDING SLAVERY
14TH AMENDMENT -- NATIONAL CITIZENSHIP, CIVIL RIGHTS
15TH AMENDMENT -- NO DENIAL OF THE VOTE B/C OF RACE
MILITARY RECONSTRUCTION
(not very military)
BLACK AND
TAN CONVENTIONS (not very black & tan)
“GENTLEMEN,
WE ARE NOT YET OVER”
II. BURY THE BYGONE SOUTH
HENRY GRADY'S
"NEW SOUTH" VISION
REPUBLICANS
OFFER THE SOUTH A SECOND CHANCE
SCALAWAGS, CARPETBAGGERS, "NEGRO RULE"
REFORM
1. schools
2. poorhouses & prisons
3. homesteads, debtors and taxes
4. a railroad to Yokohama, China?
"CORRUPTION IS ALL THE FASHION"
TERROR -- THE KU-KLUX AND WHITE LEAGUERS
BROOKS-BAXTER WAR, 1874
I
THE COWBOY, THE PLOW, AND THE LONE PRAIRIE
Prologue: COMMUNITY -- ORGANIZATION -- GOVERNMENT ACTION
I. THE WILD WEST MYTH
LAND OF VIOLENCE & SHOOTISTS
INDIVIDUALISM TRIUMPHANT?
GARDEN OF THE WORLD?
"jAY COOKE'S BANANA BELT"
"RAIN FOLLOWS THE PLOW"
II. CIVILIZERS: COW COUNTRY
THE REAL COWHAND
THE MAN BEHIND THE HERD
CHARLIE GOODNIGHT, SUCCESS STORY
ABILENE TRAIL -- AND POINTS NORTH
CATTLE BOOM
WHAT IT DID TO INDIANS
-- BUFFALO -- THE RANGE
BLIZZARD OF '86
LAWLESS COW TOWNS?
DODGE CITY
WYATT EARP, GO HOME!
A SECOND EAST
THE REAL CIVILIZERS:
SEARS-ROEBUCK
HOW RAILROADS MADE THE
WEST
III. CIVILIZERS: SOD BUSTERS
HOMESTEAD ACT -- 160 ACRES, $10 FEE, 5 YEARS
CHEAP LAND?
SETTLERS ONLY?
THE WASTELAND: "IN KANSAS
WE BUSTED"
SOD HUTS AND 'HOPPERS
"ALL MONTANA NEEDS IS RAIN"
CODA: STANDING TOGETHER
UPON WHAT MEAT DO OUR ROBBER BARONS
FEED? or, COOK'S TOURS
PROLOGUE: MAKING YOUR OWN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
CAPITAL, AND HOW TO GET IT
JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES
LIMITED LIABILITY
GENERAL INCORPORATION
HOW TO GET BIG: VERTICAL INTEGRATION
HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION
WHY BIGNESS IS BETTER
DIVERSIFYING: BEEF, BRISTLES
& BONES
I. ALL HAIL, KING STEEL
ANDREW CARNEGIE, SUCCESS STORY
BESSEMER PROCESS
JONES MIXER
CONTINUOUS FLOW; DOING MORE
ALL THE TIME
SKYSCRAPERS, ELEVATORS, STREETCARS
II. MAKING NATIONAL MARKETS: RAILROADS
UNION PACIFIC, CENTRAL PACIFIC
GOVERNMENT AID, COAST TO
COAST
CREDIT MOBILIER
WHY EVERYBODY NEEDS RAILROADS
case in point: go to Bell county, Texas before the railroads.
Farmers grew their own wheat, took it to the local miller's, to make to
flour.
Cotton? Nobody -- or nearly nobody -- grew cotton. What could you
do with it? Where would it go?
But
enter the railroad.
Now you can get a purer, better flour than you made anywhere in Bell county.
It comes all the way from Minneapolis.
Ever heard of Charles A. Pillsbury, the original dough-boy?
He does it -- by mass production
by continuous flow.
So
all the millers in Bell county go out of business.
Farmers aren't growing wheat any more. Who needs to?
But
they ARE growing cotton. In ten years, the production soars.
A 400% leap. Because now you can ship it out, after all.
another case in point: Santa Fe
was founded three or four centuries ago.
But by 1900, Albequerque
was bigger. Why?
Santa Fe was still largely
Hispanic, full of atmosphere and adobe and character. Albequerque
looks like your typical American western town. Why?
Santa Fe is full of people
speaking Spanish ... still. Albequerque is full of people speaking
American ... with a Texas twang, mostly. Why?
Hint:
the r-r-ds did it.
CONSUMER REVOLUTION
SEARS-ROEBUCK
REFRIGERATED CARS
III. A NATION OF CONSUMERS
GAIL BORDEN CONDENSES
ADVERTISING: HEINZ'S 57
VARIETIES
THE BEEF TRUST -- ARMOUR,
SWIFT AND PACKINGTOWN
-- Martin Dooley, fictional sage and bartender on Archey's Road, at the turn of the centuryTh' shoes that Corrigan th' cobbler wanst wurruked on f'r a week, hammerin' away like a woodpecker, is now tossed out be th' dozens fr'm th' mouth iv a masheen. A cow goes lowin' softly in to Armours an' comes out glue, beef, gelatine, fertylizer, celooloid, joolry, sofy cushions, hair restorer, washin' sody, soap, lithrachoor an' bed springs so quick that while aft she's still cow, for'ard she may be annything fr'm buttons to Pannyma hats. ... Thirty years ago we thought 'twas marvelous to be able to tillygraft a man in St. Joe and get an answer that night. Now, be wireless tillygraft uye can get an answer befure ye sind th' tillygram if they ain't careful."
CODA: NATIONAL MARKETS, NATIONAL ACTION
HORATIO ALGER'S AMERICA: WINNERS TAKE
ALL?
I. A DEMOCRACY OF GOODS
READY-MADES
WHAT THE SEWING MACHINE DID
DEPARTMENT STORES
A & P
MONTGOMERY WARD
SOUND AND LIGHT, ON DEMAND
THOMAS EDISON
ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE'S AC
II. RAGS TO RICHES?
HORATIO ALGER HEROES
talent? luck? drive?
SOCIAL DARWINISM: SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST
"poverty socials"
OPPORTUNITY: DID FOLKS RISE? HOW FAR?
ANDREW CARNEGIE
PUSHCARTS TO SHOPKEEPERS
WHAT IT REALLY TOOK
III. STRIVE AND SUCCEED?
"The present century has been marked by a prodigious increase in wealth-producing power. We plow new fields, we open new mines, we found new cities; we drive back the Indian and exterminate the buffalo. We girdle the land with iron roads and lace the air with telegraph wires; we add knowledge to knowledge, and utilize invention after invention; we build schools and endow colleges; yet it becomes no easier for the masses of our people to make a living. On the contrary, it is becoming harder. As liveried carriages appear, so do barefooted children."
-- Henry George, PROGRESS AND POVERTY
FROM ARTISAN TO MILLHAND
REPLACEABLE PARTS -- REPLACEABLE MEN
FREE ENTERPRISE, CHEAP LIFE
SAFETY -- BREAKER BOYS' "RED TOP"
FIREDAMP
THE LAW AND LIABILITY
FELLOW SERVANT RULE
ASSUMPTION OF RISK
WAGES GO UP -- FOR WHOM?
YELLOW DOG CONTRACTS, SCABS, SCRIP
II. ORGANIZING FOR POWER
KNIGHTS OF LABOR -- TERENCE V. POWDERLY
"BUSINESS UNIONISM" -- AFL
SAMUEL GOMPERS
WHO GOT LEFT OUT?
III. CAN THE LAW PROTECT?
WHAT GOVERNMENT DID -- AND DIDN'T
LAISSEZ-FAIRE: THE MYTH
a
Wahlgrenote
Can you have laissez faire, where the government doesn't do a thing
... and have --
20 state fish commissions
25 state railroad commissions
25 state bureaus of labor
30 boards of public health
state and local boards of education?
Can you have state owned railroads? (a few)
Can you have local pure milk ordinances?
Can you have laws forbidding people to go into certain businesses...
like opium dens?
or gambling joints?
Can you regulate or, even worse, outlaw some ways of making money
... like prostitution?
This is America, 1895.
BABY
DOC LAW SCHOOLS AND TIME ZONES
(what time is it in Lexington?
What time is it in Versailles?
What time is it in Louisville?
What time is it in Philadelphia?
What time is it in Boston?
Are they the same?
Why should they be? Is the sun at exactly the same place at the same
minute in each? Does it set at the exact same minute in each?
So where did the whole idea of standard time come from?
And who do you think had the strongest interest in setting up standard
time, anyhow?)
OILYMARGARINE
ICC
SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST ACT
HOMESTEAD STRIKE, 1892
CODA: A COMPULSORY HEAVEN AT PULLMAN
STUDY GUIDE, EXAM #1
Below are a series of essay questions. On the midterm, I will choose one of them for you to spend half an hour writing an organized, well-detailed, sensible answer to. It is worth 50% of the exam grade.
1. "I lift my lamp beside the Golden Door," says Emma Lazarus's poem at the base of the Statue of Liberty. But how open was opportunity to those to whom she beckoned -- and other Americans -- in the Gilded Age?
2. "Things are in the saddle and ride mankind," a philosopher once complained. Nowhere, perhaps, is this truer than in the Gilded Age (1865-1900) -- "things" including everything from guns, plows and steam engines, to legal fictions, like corporations, institutions, and ideas. How far is this true? How far did THINGS make us better and worse off?
3.A wheat farmer in Kansas -- a cotton farmer in Mississippi -- an ironworker in Pittsburgh -- a Russian Jewish immigrant in New York City. Which, looking from 1900, would have felt least, which would have felt most, satisfied with the way events since the Civil War had turned out? Imzgine these people; you can make one of them or more into a Civil War veteran, a woman, a Populist, or a member of a minority, as suits you and as would fit logic. They're yours to create, within the question's boundaries, to illustrate the promise -- failed and kept -- of the Gilded Age.
4. "Reform was a hoax in this age: it was men out for themselves, or impracticals and lunatics. It is just as well they accomplished nothing." Comment on this, perhaps not completely satisfactory view of what reform was and what it meant, 1863-1900.
5."All men are created equal,/ But differ greatly in the sequel." So they say. How did the Gilded Age create a world more unequal in some ways, more equal in other ways, than before? And who were the biggest losers by the time?
6. The Gilded Age, supposedly, is the great era of laissez-faire. Government, so the truism goes, DID NOTHING. And by "government," we mean everything from the local sheriff all the way up through governors, mayors, and presidents. It was fundamentally irrelevant to how people's lives turned out, for good and for ill -- and by that we mean ALL people -- of all cultures, all races, all genders.You've been through the course; you've heard the lectures; you've read the book. How true -- half-true -- half-false --- entirely false -- or something in between IS this popular belief?
7. How do the South and West both illustrate the strengths and limits
of the new industrial order -- and the way common people responded to them?
What do they tell about the national picture?
"THE FARMER IS THE MAN": POPULISM
Prologue: Who IS that man?
I. HARD TIMES IN THE FIELDS
YEOMAN FARMER MYTH -- SELF-SUFFICIENCY?
WHAT MACHINES DID
TOO MUCH WHEAT, TOO MUCH COTTON
FARMERS' ALLIANCES FACE
THE JUTE TRUST
WHY POLITICS FAILED THE
FARMERS
BLOODY SHIRTS, EMPTY SLEEVES, EMPTY PROMISES
McKINLEY TARIFF, 1890
THE POLITICAL CYCLONE SWEEPS KANSAS
II. "MAN OVER MONEY"
WHO WERE THE POPULISTS?
SOCKLESS JERRY SIMPSON
MARY E. LEASE: "RAISE LESS CORN & MORE HELL"
TOM WATSON FACES THE RACE ISSUE
"THE MONEY POWER"
DEMOCRACY -- PUBLIC MONOPOLY -- SUBTREASURY
HOW INFLATION COULD HELP THE FARMER
16 TO 1, SILVER TO GOLD
"FREE SILVER"
III. CROSS OF GOLD
A LOST OPPORTUNITY, 1893-96
"GROVER, GROVER...." CLEVELAND STANDS FIRM
PANIC OF 1893
PULLMAN STRIKE, 1894
COXEY'S MARCH, 1894
1896 ELECTION
BRYAN, McKINLEY, AND "DOLLAR MARK" HANNA
LITTLE WILLIE ONE-NOTE LOSES THE CITIES
KLONDIKE -- GOLD FOR ALL,
AND PRICES SOAR
"ROB THEM? YOU BET!"
POLL TAXES, ANTI-FUSION LAWS
THE FARMER
IS ANY OTHER MAN
CODA: THE ROAD TO OZ
And now, a look ahead
This is for the SECOND exam, not THE FIRST. And for the
second exam, here's the first
installment. Terms first:
city commissions Prager case Herbert Hoover
Theodore Roosevelt trust-busting Kellogg-Briand Pact
William H. Taft Woodrow Wilson Plessy v. Ferguson
Warren Harding Calvin Coolidge restrictive
covenants
Normalcy Lusitania incident Birth of a Nation
Zimmermann note Dollar Diplomacy “merchants
of death”
New Freedom New Nationalism Neutrality Acts
New Era New Deal 100 Days
NRA WPA blue eagle
PWA CCC Schenck v. United States
TVA Scopes Trial Gentlemen’s Agreement
Article X League of Nations Platt Amendment
Treaty of Versailles Washington Conference John Muir
5:5:3 Northern Securities case Eugenics
blue laws New Immigration Margaret Sanger
Theodore Bilbo NAACP muckrakers
Sedition Act Espionage Act Harlem Renaissance
Robert LaFollette "cash and carry" laws associationalism
Lend-Lease court-packing RFC
Palmer Raids IWW (Wobblies) Scottsboro boys
Model T Farm holiday association Henry Ford
buying on margin Bonus Army (BEF) 18th Amendment
Volstead Act speakeasies Townsend Plan
National Origins Act Open Door policy Vera Cruz
Roosevelt Corollary WIB Square Deal
NWLB Good neighbor policy 14 Points
Al Smith Triangle shirtwaist fire Marcus Garvey
Andrew Mellon Dawes Plan CIO
Huey Long Indian Reorganization Act John L. Lewis
And ponder the following basic questions:
1. How did we get into World War I?
2. How did we get into World War II?
3. What caused the Depression?
4. Where did the New Deal succeed? Where did it fail?
5. What WAS Progressivism?
6. How did the automobile change America?
7. What did the Depression do to family life?
8. Why did we make ourselves an empire? Why didn't we keep it?
9. How did the split between country and city tear Progressives apart?
10. Was Normalcy a turning back of the clock? How?
11. How did city reformers change, to fit the problems of the day?
12. How isolationist WERE we, after World War I?
13. What did "Big Stick" diplomacy (1901-1921, say) mean to Latin America?
14. What did Progressivism mean for blacks?
15. What did the Progressive era mean for women?
THE BLOOD-DIMM'D TIDE IS LOOSED: EMPIRE
I. CUBA LIBRE: THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
THE DECLINE OF THE SPANISH EMPIRE
CUBA IN REVOLT
GENERAL WEYLER'S RECONCENTRATION
AMERICAN POWER ASCENDANT
JINGOISM
VENEZUELA CRISIS
HUNGRY FOR HAWAII?
A STEEL NAVY
YELLOW JOURNALISM
WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST OF THE JOURNAL
JOSEPH PULITZER OF THE WORLD
REMEMBERING THE MAINE, 1898
"A SPLENDID LITTLE WAR"
DEWEY TAKES MANILA, MAY
1st, 1898
TEDDY TAKES SAN JUAN HILL
II. EXPANSION
WHY DID WE TRY EMPIRE?
WAS IT A BUSINESS MEN'S PLOT?
"SHELTERED MARKETS"
... but what could we sell them?
"WHITE MAN'S BURDEN"
RACISM RUN WILD
MISSION:
THE SPREAD OF DEMOCRACY
AGUINALDO
REVOLTS
ANTI-IMPERIALISM
III. RETREAT FROM EMPIRE
TELLER AMENDMENT, 1898
PLATT AMENDMENT, 1901
A MAN, A PLAN, A CANAL -- PANAMA
"I TOOK PANAMA...."
ROOSEVELT COROLLARY, 1904
GUNBOAT DIPLOMACY TO DOLLAR DIPLOMACY
PROGRESSIVISM UNLEASHED: T. R. AND THE AGE
OF GIANTS
I. THE GOOD YEARS FOR THE TRUSTS (MERGER FEVER), 1897-1903
THE MAKING OF U. S. STEEL
J. P. MORGAN'S AMERICA
AND JACOB RIIS'S
POVERTY SOCIALS AND MUCKRAKERS
WHY BUSINESS SUPPORTED GOVERNMENT
ACTION
1) SMALL vs. BIG
2) SHIPPERS vs. RAILROAD KINGS
3) WALL STREET vs MAIN STREET
4) EVERYBODY EATS MEAT
II. PROGRESSIVISM: A MINISTRY OF REFORM & STABILITY
STABILITY: THE TOO-OPEN
RANGE
REGULATED COMPETITION
ELKINS ACT
HEPBURN ACT, 1906
MORE DEMOCRACY
PRIMARIES, REFERENDUM, AND RECALL
DIRECT ELECTION OF SENATORS
VOTES FOR WOMEN
ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY: ANTI-TRUST
INCOME TAX
MORALITY: "WE STAND AT ARMAGEDDON...."
III. THE SQUARE DEAL
T.R.
NORTHERN SECURITIES CASE,
1902
COAL: T.R. AND "THE CHRISTIAN
MEN OF PROPERTY"
TRUST-BUSTING: NEW FREEDOM
OR NEW NATIONALISM?
FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD, 1913
FTC (1914
WAGES, HOURS, SAFETY, AND CHILD LABOR
PURE FOOD AND DRUG LEGISLATION (1906)
CODA: THE BULLY PULPIT.
TERRORS OF CULTURAL PLURALISM, 1900-1918
I. WHITE MAN'S PROGRESSIVISM
SOUTHERN REFORM
BLACK PATCH: AN UPRISING IN THE TOBACCO FIELDS
THEODORE G. BILBO
RACE PREJUDICE IS THE STANDARD
LYNCH LAW
SCOTT JOPLIN
JACK JOHNSON vs "THE GREAT WHITE HOPE"
BERT WILLIAMS: "THE FUNNIEST MAN I EVER SAW...."
RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS
MADISON GRANT, THE PASSING OF A GREAT RACE
PLESSY v. FERGUSON (1896)
A LILY-WHITE HOUSE
BIRTH OF A NATION
BOOKER T. WASHINGTON &
THE ATLANTA COMPROMISE
NAACP
W. E. B. DuBOIS
II. MANY CULTURES, MANY VIRTUES
THE UNHEAVENLY CITY
TENEMENT LIFE
AND WHY PEOPLE WENT TO SALOONS
"HYPHENATED AMERICANS"
NEW IMMIGRATION
"AMERICANIZATION"
CLOSING THE GATES TO THE HUDDLED MASSES
THE ENEMY'S COUNTRY
BLUE LAWS
BOXING
HOLIDAYS
SCHOOL READERS
PROHIBITION
CODA: PROGRESSIVISM AT FLOOD TIDE
THE DREAM BETRAYED, 1914-20
PROLOGUE: TO MAKE THE WORLD SAFE FOR DEMOCRACY
THE GREAT WAR, 1914-18
"SCHRECKLIGKEIT"
U-BOATS MAKE CIVILIANS PAY
LUSITANIA CRISIS
SUSSEX PLEDGE
UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE,
1917
ZIMMERMANN NOTE
"IT IS A FEARFUL THING TO LEAD THIS GREAT PEOPLE INTO WAR..."
I. OVER THERE: INNOCENTS ABROAD
A. E. F. -- BLACK JACK PERSHING'S
DOUGHBOYS
A SEPARATE WAR
BELLEAU WOOD, MEUSE-ARGONNE
"PEACE WITHOUT VICTORY":
WOODROW WILSON'S FOURTEEN POINTS
II. THE PROGRESSIVES' LAST HURRAH
THE HUN'S BREWERIES
18TH AMENDMENT
WOMEN'S RIGHTS: THE 19TH
AMENDMENT
THE REGULATED ECONOMY
RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION
WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD (WIB)
MAXIMUM PRODUCTION WITH MINIMUM DISRPUTION
III. 100% AMERICANISM CLAIMS ITS VICTIMS
THE UNWANTED WAR
WOBBLIES, SOCIALISTS, HYPHENATED AMERICANS
PATRIOTS TO THE RESCUE
LIBERTY CABBAGE
THE PRAGER CASE
SEDITION ACT, ESPIONAGE ACT
THE CONVICTION OF EUGENE VICTOR DEBS
CODA; DEATH AND TRANSFIGURATION OF PROGRESSIVISM
"WILSON PUT HIS ENEMIES IN OFFICE AND HIS FRIENDS IN JAIL"
FAITH IN GOVERNMENT? FAITH IN DEMOCRACY?
NORMALCY DRIVES US ALL TO DRINK, 1920-30
PROLOGUE: TIRED IDEALISTS
PALMER RAIDS
I. THE NEW ERA, a.k.a. NORMALCY
WARREN G. HARDING
TEAPOT DOME SCANDAL
CALVIN COOLIDGE KEEPS FIT
HERBERT HOOVER, "THE GREAT
ENGINEER"
BUSINESS REGULATION: TRAFFIC
COP, NOT COP ON THE BEAT
ANDREW MELLON'S ECONOMICS
TAX CUTS
DE-REGULATION
HIGH TARIFF
IS PRODUCING MORE THE ANSWER??
NORMALCY IS NOT GOING BACKWARDS
PROGRESSIVISM IN A FUNHOUSE MIRROR
AL SMITH'S NEW YORK
II. FUNDAMENTALISM IN RETREAT
THAT OLD-TIME RELIGION
SCOPES TRIAL
ANTI-EVOLUTION MOVEMENT
BARRING THE "UNDESIRABLES"
KKK
NATIONAL ORIGINS ACT
THE IMMIGRANTS FIGHT BACK
JAZZ AGE
III. THE NOBLE EXPERIMENT
HOW PROHIBITION WORKED
DID PROHIBITION PROHIBIT?
"THE REAL McCOY"
BATHTUB GIN
NEAR BEER
SPEAK-EASIES
18TH AMENDMENT
VOLSTEAD ACT: WHAT DEFINES "INTOXICATING"?
"NEAR BEER" AND SPEAK-EASIES
IV. HENRY FORD'S GRASS-ROOTS REVOLUTION
AMERICA BEFORE THE AUTO
LONELINESS, ISOLATION
CHEAP CARS AREN'T ENOUGH
MODEL T
HENRY FORD, ALL AMERICAN HERO
THE FARMER'S FRIED
ENGINES OF CHANGE
HOW CARS CHANGED AMERICANS'
HEALTH
... CAMPING
MOTOR HOTELS -- PARKS
MAIL, RELIGION, SCHOOLING
CODA: THE FORD GIVETH & THE FORD TAKETH AWAY
THE ROOSEVELT REVOLUTION, 1933-41
PROLOGUE: "THE FINEST LITTLE CROP OF REVOLUTIONS"
HUEY LONG, POLITICAL MESSIAH?
I. ROOSEVELT II (F.D.R)
"THE PIED PIPER OF HYDE
PARK"
FIRESIDE CHATS
LIBERAL MEANS TO CONSERVATIVE
ENDS
HUNDRED DAYS, 1933
BANK HOLIDAY
ALPHABET SOUP
TVA, AAA, NRA, CCC
II. SAVING CAPITALISM: THE NEW DEAL, 1933-39
REFORMING FINANCE
NEW TEETH FOR THE FEDERAL RESERVE
S.E.C.
F.D. I. C
STABILIZING BUSINESS AND
FARMERS
NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION
CODES -- TRADE ASSOCIATIONS
BLUE EAGLES
"WE DO OUR PART"
"CHISELERS"
RFC LOANS
AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTTMENT ADMINISTRATION
HENRY WALLACE & PRICE SUPPORTS
REVIVING PURCHASING POWER
WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION (WPA)
PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION (PWA)
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS (CCC)
NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION (NYA)
SAFETY NETS
SOCIAL SECURITY
MINIMUM WAGE LAW
H. O. L. C.
POWER TO THE PEOPLE
TVA
RURAL ELECTRIFICATION
III. NEW DEAL, SAME OLD DECK?
WHO DID THE NEW DEAL LEAVE
OUT?
SECTION 7A --WAGNER ACT
THE RISE OF THE CIO
DUST BOWL REFUGEES
DID IT WORK?
CODA: "NOBODY CAN LICK US, PA, 'CAUSE WE'RE THE PEOPLE"
PROLOGUE: DEDICATION, NOVEMBER 11, 1921
I. A WAR TO END ALL WARS?
WILSON'S "PEACE WITHOUT
VICTORY"
TREATY OF VERSAILLES
FOURTEEN POINTS AND ARTICLE X
NO LEAGUE OF NATIONS FOR THE U. S.
WILSONIANISM WITHOUT WILSON
WASHINGTON CONFERENCE, 1921-22
9 POWER TREATY
5 POWER TREATY
5:5:3 (ROLLS ROYCE: ROLLS ROYCE: FORD?)
KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT, 1928
BUT WHO
PROTECTS THE PEACE?
II. THE PEACE TO END ALL PEACE, 1929-39
WHY ISOLATIONISM?
DEMOCRACY FAILED
"MERCHANTS OF DEATH"
"HELLO, SUCKER!"
NEUTRALITY ACTS
III. THE ROAD TO PEARL HARBOR
APPEASEMENT'S FRUITS, 1933-39
BLITZKRIEG TO BLITZ
BATTLE OF BRITAIN
V FOR VICTORY
AMERICA FIRST
CASH AND CARRY LAWS
DESTROYERS FOR BASES
H. R. 1776 -- LEND LEASE
DEFENSE BOOM, 1940-41
CODA: DECEMBER 7, 1941 -- PEARL HARBOR
NEW DEAL BY WARFARE
PROLOGUE: ARSENAL OF DEMOCRACY
1.6
million men in uniform, 1941
over 7.5 million were in the army by 1945
I. THE NEW DEAL AT BAY?
RECOVERY PROGRAM ENDED
GONE THE CCC, NYA, WPA
CUTTING RURAL ELECTRIFICATION
NO NEW ADVANCES
OPA -- THE ORDEAL OF LEON HENDERSON
... but so what?
NEW DEAL BY WARFARE
PROSPERITY FOR ALL
OKIES
ROSIE THE RIVETER
GOVERNMENT BENEFITS FOLLOW
THE FLAG
HEALTH CARE
HOUSING
GI BILL
A COMFORTABLE WAR
VICTORY GARDENS, SCRAP DRIVES
ADVERTISING
"FERTILIZER WILL WIN THE WAR"
BUSINESS CASHES IN ON CONTRACTS
WRIGLEY'S GUM
COCA COLA AS A "WAR MATERIAL"
SWPC
II. NOT SO SPLENDID A WAR
A FRESH START FOR SHARECROPPERS
PREJUDICE PERSISTS
EXECUTIVE ORDER 8802
FEPC
DETROIT RIOT
"ZOOT SUIT RIOTS"
III. AMERICANS BEHIND BARBED WIRE
ISSEI, NISEI
WHO LOST PEARL HARBOR?
(gee, I dunno. Who was holding it at the time?)
was it sabotage?
The Navy rounds up the usual suspects
GENERAL DE WITT
INTERNMENT CAMPS
CODA: THE FRAGILITY OF FREEDOM
A CLOUD NO BIGGER THAN A MAN'S FUTURE, 1945-50
PROLOGUE: JULY 16, 1945
I. A WORLD IN RUINS
HIROSHIMA, NAGASAKI
THE REALITIES OF TOTAL WAR
NEVER AGAIN -- PSYCHIC WOUNDS
WHAT WE WANTED -- WHAT RUSSIA WANTED
1. GERMANY -- NO FOURTH
REICH
2. BUFFER STATES IN EASTERN
EUROPE
YALTA CONFERENCE, 1945
3. REPARATIONS
UNO
MEANS U-NO?
II. THE BIG CHILL, 1945-48
THE SUN SETS ON THE BRITISH & OTHER EMPIRES
HARRY TRUMAN TALKS TOUGH
AN IRON CURTAIN DESCENDS
TRUMAN DOCTRINE
GREECE, TURKEY
MARSHALL PLAN
III. CONTAINMENT
A-BOMB TO H-BOMB
"THE BALANCE OF TERROR"
RE-ARMING EUROPE, AIDING
CHINA
NATO
SEATO
NSC-68
CODA: "THE NYLON WAR"/ COCA-COLONIALISM
PAX AMERICANA
I. GOOD INTENTIONS
POINT FOUR
PEACE CORPS
MAKING GOOD GERMANS
THE DE-MILITARIZATION OF
JAPAN
GOOD INTENTIONS ARE NOT ENOUGH
HOW LANSDALE SAVED THE PHILIPPINES
BACKING DICTATORS
COUPS IN IRAN AND GUATAMALA
WHO LOST CHINA?
II. PEACE ON A WAR FOOTING
KOREA: THE WAR NOBODY KNOWS
INCHON LANDING
"RETREAT, HELL!" -- THE CHINESE LANDING
CHOSIN RESERVOIR
MaCaRTHUR TO R & R -- & R (RIDGEWAY)
TECHNOLOGY'S LIMITS
HELICOPTERS, FLAK JACKETS
"CARPET-BOMBING"
"THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE FOR VICTORY"
ASIALATIONISTS AND THE WORLD PICTURE
CONTAINMENT CONTAINS
"ROLLING BACK THE IRON CURTAIN"
III. THE MILITARY WELFARE STATE
MAKING THE GUNBELT
A NEW WEST, A NEW SOUTH
"AEROSPACE ALLEY"
BOEING BUILDS WASHINGTON
PENTAGONIA
LOS ALAMOS
CODA: GENERAL ALARM
SCREAMING WHIM-WHAMS, 1945-55
PROLOGUE: THE VERY PROPER GANDER
I. FEAR IS WORLD POWER #1
WINNING
BUT FEELING LIKE LOSING
BUILDING
UP TO AN AWFUL LET-DOWN
THEY HAVE
THE BOMB, TOO
WHO LOST
CHINA?
SPY CAPERS
ALGER HISS AND THE PUMPKIN PAPERS
ROSENBERGS & A-BOMB SECRETS
II. RED SCARE
RUSSIA
THREATENS 5-CENT CANDY-BAR
HUAC
MARX PIX
IN HOLLYWOOD?
BLACKLISTING
TAFT-HARTLEY
ACT
INDUSTRIAL PERSONEL SECURITY ACT
OATHS FOR
PROFS
LOYALTY
BOARDS
GUILT BY ASSOCIATION
"SECURITY RISKS'
ATTORNEY-GENERAL'S LIST
SECRET WITNESSES
THE STRANGE CASE OF HARVEY MATUSOW
III. McCARTHYISM
TAIL-GUNNER
JOE
81 -- 57 -- 205?
"20 YEARS
OF TREASON"
ARMY-McCARTHY
HEARINGS
OVER 180 MILLION SOLD: AFFLUENT AMERICA
I. THE FAT FIFTIES
POSTWAR BOOM: THE GOOD TIMES ROLL
PENSIONS -- WEEKENDS
MIDDLE CLASS GROWTH
WHY THE BOOM?
GOVERNMENT'S ROLE
FHA LOANS
DEFENSE SPENDING
HIGHWAY FUNDS
NEW INDUSTRIES
II. CONSUMERISM: GETTING AND SPENDING
AUTOMOBILES
MADISON
AVENUE SELLS IMAGES
TAKE TEA AND SEE
EDSELS
CREDIT
CARDS
BUILT-IN
OBSOLESCENCE
III. PROSPERITY'S PROGENY
BABY BOOM
DR. SPOCK
DR. SALK
THE SUBURBANIZATION
OF AMERICA
POWER AND LIGHT
ORGANIZATION MEN, COMPANY WIVES
PROLOGUE: LEVITTOWN
I. THE STANDARDIZING OF AMERICAN LIFE
THE NATIONAL SUBURB
PRIVATISM -- THE RANCH HOUSE
TURNING INWARD
TV STANDARDIZES LIFE
THE IDEAL FAMILY
THE MARRIAGE BOOM
SHE COULDA BEEN A CONTENDER
MOMS AND
POPSIES
NORMA JEAN
II. ORGANIZATION MEN
THE SOCIAL ETHIC
TEAM SCIENCE
PERSONALITY TESTS
-- ARE YOU NORMAL? (not likely!)
COMPANY WIVES
HIGH NOON, CAINE MUTINY
III. REVOLTING YOUTH -- AND OTHERS
"THERE'LL BE SPRING EVERY YEAR
WITHOUT YOU"
R & B
ALAN FREED
ROCK &
ROLL
ELVIS
SIMPLE JUSTICE, 1940-64
PROLOGUE: DR. WILL AND THE ASWPL
I.THE COURT, THE CLASSROOM, THE CAUSE
MAY 17, 1954: BROWN v BOARD OF EDUCATION
“SEPARATE BUT EQUAL” NO MORE
PREMONITIONS: SWEATT v PAINTER
RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS
WHITE PRIMARIES
“ALL DELIBERATE SPEED”
II. “MASSIVE RESISTANCE”
EMMETT TILL
GRASS ROOTS & ELITES JOIN HANDS
WHITE CITIZENS’ COUNCILS
KKK
WHERE PRESSURE IS, POLS TUMBLE
“INTERPOSITION”
LITTLE ROCK – ORVAL FAUBUS
ALL QUIET ALONG THE POTOMAC
THE OTHER WHITE SOUTH
ATLANTA SEES INTEGRATION THROUGH
ESTES KEFAUVER, GUILTY
JUDGE FRANK JOHNSON RULES
III. “PASSIVE RESISTANCE”
ROSA PARKS & MONTGOMERY BUSS BOYCOTT
MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.
CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE
SCLC
SIT-INS, SWIM-INS, READ-INS
“AND WE SHALL OVERCOME” 1963-65
CODA: THE DOUBLE LEGACY OF DR. KING
POWER BROKER LIBERALISM
I. WHAT GOVERNMENT DID
MILD ABOUT
HARRY
TRUMAN'S
"FAIR DEAL"
"GIVE 'EM
HELL, HARRY": WHISTLESTOPPING, 1948
THE "DO-NOTHING 80TH"
IKE
EZRA TAFT BENSON
SALK VACCINE
GOVERNMENT KEEPS ON
GROWING
PHS
SOIL-BANK
NATIONAL DEFENSE EDUCATION ACT
THE MAN
AND THE HOUR HAVE MET
BAKER v. CARR
THE OTHER AMERICA, by Michael Harrington
LBJ:
LANDSLIDE LYNDON, ANTI-HERO
AMBITION -- CUNNING -- IDEALISM
OUTDOING JFK
II. GREAT SOCIETY
THREE PURPOSES
1. TAKE
'EM OUT
2. KEEP
'EM OUT
3. SOFTEN
THE BLOW
WAR ON POVERTY
OEO
APPALACHIA
HEAD START
VISTA
IN-KIND BENEFITS -- AND WHY THEY WORK BETTER
FOOD STAMPS
RENT SUPPLEMENTS
MEDICARE, MEDICAID
LOW INCOME HOUSING
A HIKE IN SOCIAL SECURITY
SOMETHING
FOR EVERYONE
THREE CIVIL RIGHTS LAWS
EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, 1964
VOTING RIGHTS, 1965
OPEN HOUSING LAW, 1968
HIGHWAY BEAUTIFICATION
MIDDLE-CLASS ENTITLEMENTS
CLEAN AIR, CLEAN WATER LAWS
A MORE LIBERAL IMMIGRATION LAW
ALL THIS, AND A TAX CUT, TOO?
THE GREAT
SOCIETY OUTLIVES LYNDON
EPA
OSHA
PUBLIC HOUSING
III. THE SCORECARD
DID IT WORK?
YES AND NO
THE PRICE
OF CONSENSUS POLITICS
TELLING
THE TRUTH ABOUT THE WAR
WHY DID
THEY DISLIKE THIS MAN SO?
CODA: "I'M THE ONLY PRESIDENT YOU'VE GOT."
VIETNAM: HEARTS AND MINDS
I. THE SLIPPERY SLOPE OF COMMITMENT, 1954-66
FRENCH RULE COLLAPSES, 1945-54
HO CHIN MINH
DIEN BEN PHU, 1954
TWO VIETNAMS -- FOR HOW LONG?
DIEM TRIES TO HOLD ON, 1954-63
IKE, JFK,AND ADVISERS
GULF OF TONKIN INCIDENT, 1964
PLEIKU, 1965
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER
MARINES TO COMBAT; ENCLAVES TO SEARCH AND DESTROY
SELLING THE WAR BACK HOME
CONTAINMENT UN-CONTAINED
DOMINO THEORY
CHINA IS THE ENEMY
THE LOGIC OF ESCALATION
II.GOOD OLD AMERICAN KNOW-HOW
DAMN LIES & STATISTICS
"SAFE HAMLETS"
BODY COUNTS
TECHNOLOGY FAILS
M-16
MAN-SNIFFER
STRATEGIC BOMBING
DEFOLIATION
LIARS AND THIEVES: CORRUPTION,
MISRULE
THE WAR WE MIGHT HAVE
WON
TET, 1968, SHATTERS ASSUMPTIONS
DESTROYING THE COUNTRY TO SAVE IT?
VIETNAMIZATION
PEACE WITH HONOR
(WHAT HONOR?
WHAT PEACE?)
III. THE BUTCHER'S BILL
WHAT THE WAR COST VIETNAM
WHAT IT COST US
TELEGRAPH AVENUE, SON OF MADISON AVENUE
I. SUPERKIDS FACE THE GOLDEN GHETTOES
THE BABY BOOM
PEPSI GENERATION -- "FOR THOSE WHO THINK YOUNG"
FACE LIFTS AND TEEN MARKETS
ECONOMIC CLOUT, BUT NO POLITICAL CLOUT?
THE STIFLING BLANKET OF AFFLUENCE
MORALITY IS ALL SCREWY
BRUTALITY IN LIVING COLOR
THE WAR, THE DRAFT,
THE CAMPUS
II. THE NEW ROMANTICS
COUNTERCULTURE
THE GREENING OF AMERICA
LIFE TAKES
ON NEW COLORING
TUNE IN, TURN ON, DROP OUT
TIMOTHY LEARY
PETER MAX ARTWORK
HAIGHT-ASBURY
NOT ONE KID MUSIC, BUT MANY
ROLLING STONE
REJECTING MATERIALISM
CHALLENGING SEXISM AND RACISM
WOODSTOCK, 1969
III. POWER TO THE PEOPLE? A YOUTH REVOLUTION
ANTIWAR
IS NOT ALL COUNTERCULTURE
SDS
THE FREE
SPEECH MOVEMENT
CAMPUS
REVOLT
RAMPARTS
THE REVOLUTION
BETRAYED
POLARIZATION
KENT STATE MASSACRE, 1970
FRAGMENTATION -- THE LEFT AGAINST ITSELF
ALTAMONT, 1969
CODA: TELEGRAPH AVENUE, SON OF MADISON AVENUE
WATERGATE -- AND OTHER BUGS IN THE SYSTEM
I. I SPY
COUNTERCULTURE MEETS COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE
DOSSIERS,
DATABANKS AND WIRETAPS
COINTELPRO
DESTROYING THE RADICAL PRESS
THE ALL-SEEING CIA
II. POOR RICHARD'S POLITICS
AMBITION'S CHILD AND THE LONER'S
FRIENDS
"THE TEAM"
WINNING'S A LOT MORE FUN
1. PRAGMATISM
2. WATCH WHAT WE SAY, NOT WHAT WE DO
3. NIXONOMICS
4. SALT
5. THE OPEN DOOR TO CHINA
III. BEHIND EVERY WATERGATE IS A MILHOUS
THE IMPERIAL
PRESIDENCY
IMPOUNDMENT
A
BREAK-IN LEADS TO A BREAKDOWN
CREEP LAUNDERS MONEY
CORPORATION SHAKED-WNS
"DIRTY TRICKS"
THE WHITE HOUSE TAPES
18 MINUTES OF SILENCE
SATURDAY NIGHT MASSACRE
NIXON'S
THE ONE: THE SMOKING GUN
SPIRO AGNEW
CODA: A CRISIS OF FAITH
A LOSS OF FAITH
I. NO MATTER WHO WINS, GERALD FORD IS PRESIDENT
GERRY STUMBLES THROUGH
PARDONING NIXON
WIN BUTTONS
FORD TO NY: DROP DEAD
JIMMY CARTER – GOODNESS IS
NO GOOD AT ALL
BILLY
MEOW
AN ALL-AMERICAN
MALAISE
Study Guide FINAL EXAMINATION History 109
Long Essay Questions.
Expect me to choose only ONE for you to do on the final (50% of the grade, one hour of time). Give a detailed, well organized answer. Remember: SIMPLE ANSWERS DO NOT EXIST, and I do NOT want an all-one-way or all-the-other-way answer to complicated topics.
1. How did we win the Cold War, and at what price? (I do NOT want a chronological history, event by event; I want a listing of basic themes, backed up by things happening that illustrate them).
2. Can the post-World War II period (1945-65) be called "the Good Peace"? In view of what we did abroad and at home, how well would that title fit?
3. "The struggle for equality in American society is like a signpost: always pointing in the right direction, but never going there." So says a grumpy person, 1997. Using American history from 1900 to the present, and a variety of different groups, how true or false is this?
4. "Things are in the saddle and ride mankind. That is, American history in this century has been pushed, both at home and abroad, by the machinery that produces abundance and wreaks destruction; not men and women, but guns -- cars -- the assembly line -- the Bomb: these are the things that have made and ruined us." How much truth and how little is there, in this bald explanation of the course of American life since 1900?
5. Bang! Gavel falls for session of the World Court. Defendant: the U. S. The Charge: reckless endangerment and arrogance in its handling of global affairs in this century, causing injury and needless damage to the rest of the world. Please give the case for the prosecution, and then the case for the defense.
6. "War is the health of the state." So Randolph Bourne once said. The name's not important. But the statement is. How true was it, in terms of wars' impact in this century on things at home, like, for instance, social policy, the family, race relations, economic growth, and domestic politics? (Not all wars necessarily can tell us something about all five points, plus others you may think of; so don't stretch the evidence; and don't forget, the Cold War counts as a war).
7. Here are a bunch of folks (I made them up). Use four of them
to tell how changes in American life since 1900 have affected them. This
is your chance to bring in every important trend you can; the more ingenuity
you show, within reason, the better. Let's assume they were all alive
in 1990, though, naturally, some are pretty old.
a) IRMA MANDELSTAM -- born 1899 in Pinsk, Russia. Came to New York,
1910. Garment industry worker, at least to start with. b) JANET McCHEEVER
-- born on Mississippi plantation in 1920. Parents were sharecroppers,
and themselves the children of slaves. By 1943, she is in Detroit.
c) JOHN WESLEY SMITH --born in 1903 in Iowa. English ancestry, Protestant,
owns 500-acre farm, corn and wheat. d) CHARLES CHISLER -- born 1908,
Ohio. Steel mill foreman by age 21. e) LUCAS REEFER --born 1948, West Cheesepress,
Calif. Today, a stockbroker, but rather embarrassed about his past.
f) KATY HENDERSON -- born 1929, North Carolina, by 1995 living in Houston.
8. "It takes an idealist and high principles to really mess things up."
This quote may or may not fit perfectly the story of reform in this century.
Tell how little or how much. You might consider, among other movements,
civil rights, Progressivism, Fundamentalism, the New Deal, the Great Society,
and the Counterculture.
SHORT ESSAY TOPICS (You'll do two, for 20% total)
Which gets chosen is up to me, and I may not choose any of them. But
they are the kind of thing to expect from a short essay.
1. How much was there, beyond Joe McCarthy, to explain the Age of McCarthyism?
(What other forces furthered the Red Scare?)
2. Based on what you know from Russell Baker, what did the Depression
do to the hearts and spirits and hopes of people?
3. What are the drawbacks and strengths of a memoir (like Baker's)
for understanding the complete truth about a past era in our history?
4. How did we get into World War II?
5. Why did the Cold War occur? And where does the blame fall?
6. What were the causes of the 1950s Red scare?
7. How did World War II affect women, blacks, Hispanics, and Americans
of foreign heritage?
8. What was Normalcy? and what did it mean for average Americans?
9. What did the 1950s mean for family and middle-class life?
10. What caused the Depression?
11. What exactly did the Progressives achieve? And where did they fail?
12. "I Like Ike," slogans said. And we did. What was Eisenhower's contribution
and effect on American life and policy in the 1950s?
13. How did the automobile change American life and culture?
14. Why did Fundamentalism, religious and cultural, fail in the 1920s
-- or did it?
15. How far or how little was the battle for civil rights won
by 1964?
16. What was the Counterculture, and what did it achieve?
17. How and why did the civil rights movement succeed?
18. Did the New Deal fail? How much or how little?
19. How did we get into Vietnam? And why did everything go wrong?
20. In what sense could World War II be called a "real New Deal"?
IDENTIFICATIONS
These aren't the only terms, nowhere near. But you'd be nuts not to
know them.
ROOSEVELT COROLLARY -- NRA -- CIO -- AAA -- OEO -- CCC -- TVA -- WIB
-- GULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTION -- LUSITANIA INCIDENT -- SCOPES TRIAL -- BUYING
ON MARGIN -- BONUS ARMY -- CASH & CARRY LAWS -- MARSHALL PLAN -- TRUMAN
DOCTRINE -- LEVITTOWN -- SCLC -- EDSEL -- SDS -- BUILT-IN OBSOLESCENCE
-- FHA -- COMPANY WIVES -- ELVIS -- MONTGOMERY BOYCOTT -- BROWN VS. BOARD
OF EDUCATION -- PLESSY VS. FERGUSON -- DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING -- SIT-INS
-- PLEIKU -- MAN-SNIFFER -- LBJ -- TET OFFENSIVE -- DOMINO THEORY -- CONTAINMENT
-- BERLIN CRISIS -- CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS -- BAY OF PIGS -- DETROIT RIOT
-- MEDICARE -- WATERGATE -- OPEC -- JFK -- NEW FRONTIER -- GREAT SOCIETY
-- COURT-PACKING PLAN -- ROSA PARKS -- SUEZ CRISIS -- U-BOATS -- NORTHERN
SECURITIES CASE -- SCOTTSBORO CASE -- PLATT AMENDMENT -- GOOD NEIGHBOR
POLICY -- LEND-LEASE -- NISEI, ISSEI -- ORVAL FAUBUS -- RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS
-- TOM JOHNSON -- ARTICLE X -- 14 POINTS -- 5:5:3 -- KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT
-- JOHN FOSTER DULLES -- CONTAINMENT -- SALT II -- MALCOLM X -- BLACK POWER
-- NEW LEFT -- BABY BOOM -- SPUTNIK -- BODY COUNTS -- McCARTHY -- FDR --
PALMER RAIDS -- THE MAINE -- CAINE MUTINY -- HUEY LONG -- MARCUS GARVEY
-- W. E. B. DuBOIS -- DIEM -- GENEVA ACCORDS -- BOOKER T. WASHINGTON --
MARCH ON WASHINGTON MOVEMENT -- NORMALCY -- WOODROW WILSON -- KENT STATE
INCIDENT -- STAGFLATION -- HERBERT HOOVER -- SACC0-VANZETTI CASE -- YALTA
CONFERENCE -- NATO