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Message from the Chair The Geography of the “Other” Being treated as the “other” is not a pleasant experience for anybody, no matter where it happens or how it happens. And in this world of fear and hatred, one does not have to travel too far to be treated as the “other” — a phenomenon that is invariably based on a variety of factors such as race and religion. For most immigrants, however, it is the geography of their origin (nationality) that immediately places them in the “other” category no matter where they go. Similar to the experiences of other minority groups, the ghost of the “other” constantly haunts Asian immigrants irrespective of their successes and achievements in many fields. It is always lurking around the corner like their own shadows that never leave them, as they can be reminded of their “otherness” anywhere, anytime — during their moments of tragedies as well as happiness. So, for Asians, the United States is a country imbued with a mixture of blessings and curses. It is not a melting pot, it personifies the geography of the “other,” where they are invariably viewed with suspicion and fear. They are rarely viewed as “full American” no matter how much sweat and blood they pour into this land to nurture it, no matter how hard they try to blend into the “mainstream,” no matter how much accent they lose and how many pairs of Levi’s they wear. What is so tragic about this geography of the “other” is that it is deeply entrenched. Whenever somebody of Asian origin experiences something negative in their dealings with “full Americans,” a doubt creeps in whether founded or not — a doubt of discrimination, a doubt of mistreatment. As they are reduced to the rank of outcasts, a sense of rejection and isolation suddenly descends like a heavy burden ready to crush their humanity. Recently, I received a call
from a friend, a geographer from India teaching at a University in Iowa.
He is a tenured professor, but was facing a real prospect of losing his
job. He told me that the program with which he was associated was being
eliminated from his university. As a result of this university action,
his name was on the chopping block, although he happened to be the only
geographer in the program. What was so curiously eerie about this story
was that of all the professors associated with that program, he was the
only one who was being targeted. In essence, he was having a real hard
time understanding this seemingly biased action plan. What
was disturbing to him even more — and to me — was the fact that he had
received little support from the executive director of the Association
of American Geographers (AAG). Such a lack of support raises doubts in
one’s mind as to why no action was taken, especially given the fact that
what was being eliminated was not just a Geography position, but the whole
Geography component. After all, one of the key roles of the AAG is to try
to protect the academic interest and status of Geography. Was this absence
of support directly related to the fact that the only Geography position
at the University was being occupied by a geographer of Indian origin?
So his loss was no big loss; after all he is a member of the “other” category
— an undesirable element. Or was it because the AAG has no interest in
protecting Geography as an academic program or because the director feels
powerless against university administrators who are bent on eliminating
Geography from their curricula? Or was it simply an innocent oversight
on the part of the director? Of course, we will never known the true answer
to these questions. Unfortunately, in the tortured history of this geography
of the “other” that we call America, we can’t help but let doubts creep
into our minds that it is perhaps the ghost of the “other” that is chasing
us once again. Regardless of the reality, we can’t afford to let this ghost
consume us. We have the responsibility to not only overcome this ghost
for our own sanity, but also do everything we can to uphold the social
ideals that this geography (America) represents no matter how tormented
its history might be. This is our home now, so lets improve it in our own
way for the collective welfare of this land.
Nanda Shrestha, Chair
School of Business & Industry Florida A&M University Tallahassee, FL 32307-5200 nanda.shrestha@famu.edu [TOP] NATIONAL SECURITY EDUCATION PROGRAM GRADUATE INTERNATIONAL FELLOWSHIPS COMPETITION 2001
National Security Education Program (NSEP) Graduate International Fellowships enable U.S. graduate students to pursue specialization in area and language study or to add an important international dimension to their education. Created by congress to address the need to increase the ability of U.S. citizens to communicate and compete globally, NSEP embodies a recognition that the scope of national security has expanded to include not only the traditional concerns of protecting and promoting American well-being, but the new challenges of a global society, including: sustainable development, environmental degradation, global disease and hunger, population growth and migration, and economic competitiveness. NSEP Fellowships are intended to provide support through overseas study and limited domestic tuition to students who will pursue the study of languages, cultures, and world regions deemed critical to U.S. national security. Excluded explicitly is study of Western Europe, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Fellowships are awarded in a broad range of academic and professional disciplines including business, economics, history, international affairs, law, applied sciences and engineering, health and biomedical sciences, political science, and other social sciences. Award recipients incur a requirement to work for an agency or office of the federal government involved in national security affairs or in the field of U.S. higher education in an area of study for which the Fellowship was awarded, in that order of precedence. Eligibility Requirements: Applicants must be U.S. citizens, enrolled in or applying to graduate programs in accredited U.S. colleges or universities located within the United States. All applications must include study of a modern language other then English. To Apply: Guidelines an application forms for the NSEP Graduate International Fellowships may be obtained from our website at http://www.aed.org/nsep. Applications may also be obtained by calling AED at 800-498-9360 or 202-844-8285, or through e-mail at nsep@aed.org. Deadline: Applications must be postmarked by January 16, 2001. No faxed submissions accepted; late applications will not be reviewed. [TOP]
Book Review Noble, G.,
et.al, Geographic and Planning Research Themes for the New Millennium,
Vikas
This book is a collection of 30 papers contributed by colleagues and former students of Prof. Ashok K. Dutt, Professor of Geography and Urban Affairs at the University of Akron, Ohio, U.S.A. to felicitate him on his 60th birth anniversary. Three of the four editors have contributed papers themselves. Nineteen papers are about India. Of the remaining eleven, two are about China, one is about Israel, one about Bangladesh, and the remaining seven are about the U.S.A. and Europe. The papers give good account of the wide array of subjects being studied by geographers and urban planners, in the last two decades of the last century. Among the 19 Indian papers, one on flow of foreign direct investment in India, belongs to economics, three on tribals with short stories, spirits and stones in the Nilgiris and ethical values in the spirit of sustainability in Indian thought belong to the realms of cultural anthropology and philosophy. The remainder are about various aspects of study of geography and urban planning. The paper on Israel is among the most interesting in this collection. The author explains in detail successful planning of space in the country during the half century since its formation in 1948. Israel, along with France, has had the most successful experience with spatial planning. Location of both urban and rural settlements has been accomplished through formulation of detailed spatial plans. Among the Indian papers, three are on cities, one on Chandigarh, and two on Delhi. The paper on Chandigarh discusses growth in population of the city from its beginning in 1948 to the present. The author explains that actual growth of the city, which was meant to follow a detailed spatial plan, has differed significantly from it in practice and gives a perspective of its growth in the foreseeable future. Chandigarh was planned as a small city with greens surrounding its various neighborhoods which would look up to the Sivalik hills. Its population only about 1,200,000 in 1961 had increased to 650,000 by 1991. The planners had never planned for such a large population. It was meant to serve as the capital of Punjab and a model of successful urban planning. By 1991 however, it had been serving as the capital of both Punjab and Haryana for 25 years and had acquired besides the planned neighborhoods surrounded by greens looking up to the Sivalik hills, that bone of Indian cities — slums and unbearable pressure on its infrastructure due to too rapid growth of population. The paper on growth of commercial space in Delhi explains that the growth had been more rapid than had been planned and describes some of the reasons for it. In the second paper, the present reviewer explains with Delhi as an example, major departures from planned development. He lists delay in formulation and acceptance of a master plan as one of the reasons for growth of slums and unauthorized residential colonies. He explains further that the investment needed to expand essential infrastructures in a metropolitan city is very large and should be met by the central and state governments if the cities are to continue to serve as political, administrative, commercial, and cultural centers of various regions of the country. In the paper on Vineland located in southern New Jersey, U.S.A., the author explains the advantages and limitations of urban enterprise zones. The second paper on Anglo-America explains the limitations of New towns in Britain which had been planned immediately after World War II to provide a pleasant living environment to the people whose homes in the inner cities had been destroyed during World War II and as an antidote to urban decay. It explains that the inner cities has proved more vibrant than had been expected and has emerged as an administrative, commercial and cultural center and even the residents of the New Towns look up to its facilities. The book could be of interest to graduate students in geography at various Indian universities and schools of planning and architecture. Its principal interest is in bringing out the wide variety of subjects being studied by geographers and urban planners and the methodologies used by them. The price of Rs. 495 is easily affordable by a graduate student. STUDENT PAPER AWARD
Nominations are being requested for the annual Regional Development and Planning/Asian Geography Student Award. The award has been made possible by the generosity of Aninda K. Chakravarti. The award is jointly administered by the Asian Geography Specialty Group and the Regional Development and Planning Specialty Group. Eligibility Requirements: All papers must be forwarded by the chairperson or faculty advisor of the applicant with a statement confirming his or her student status. To Apply: All papers should be submitted to Dr. Jayati Ghosh
voice: 262-472-1074/472-1071
Deadline: All papers should be received
by 30 January 2001.
[TOP]
Books by AGSG Members P.P. Karan
and Cotton Mather. Leaders in American Geography. Vol. II: Geographic
Research.
For the first time ever, this book provides biographies of 51 American geographers who were identified as leaders in research through questionnaire survey. The biographies provided vivid insights into individuals responsible for development of American geography during the last 100 years. Employing a wide range of sources and interviews, the authors describe special events or individuals, which led each of these scholars to become leaders in geographic research. Their biographies provide insight on the complex connection among individual scholar, institutional intellectual setting, and vigorous academic discourse in the making of research leaders. The book permits the reader to see direct actors in American geography, scholars who took an active role in the development of the discipline in the 20th century and have exercised considerable intellectual influence in the field. These leaders constitute American men and women of wide cosmopolitan culture and experience, greatly concerned with the study of place, space, culture, people, landscapes, economy and society of their time. Their thoughtful, provocative and engaging biographies should substantially enrich discussions on the intellectual heritage of American geographic thought that is critical to the vitality of the research enterprise. Each biography offers new and fascinating information, that is stimulating and suggestive, and provides insight into the history of geography. A substantial introduction by the authors discusses the evolution of research in American geography and how the 51 leaders shaped the course of geographic research in the United States. It is an elegant assembly of scholars who capture the past and present of American geography. Impeccably researched and clearly written, the book is informative and fascinating. This is an important reference
work and should find a place in most university and college libraries.
Graduate courses on the history of geographic thought may use the book
as a required reading.
[TOP]
Member News Dutt, A.K., Pomeroy, M., and Wadwha, V. 1998. "Large Cities Crim Pattern Changes in India, 1971-91," National Geographical Journal of India., Vol. 44 (1-4): 73-90. Paul, B.K., and De, S. 2000. "Arsenic Posoning in Banglashesh: A Geographic Analysis," Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 36, No. 4: 299-809. [TOP]
Bimal K. Paul
[TOP]
AGSG Sponsored Sessions for AAG – New York The titles of sessions, names of organizers, chairs, and participants are listed below. The Spring edition of the Bulletin will include a more detailed list with session times. Global Neoliberalism I: Policies and
Patters.
Discussant: David Slater, Geography, Loughborough
University, U.K.
Global Neoliberalism II: Impacts on
Peoples and Places
Discussant: Dick Peet, Geography, Clark
University, U.S.
New Immigrant Communities: International
Perspectives of Social, Economic, and Political Transformations of Suburbs
I
New Immigrant Communities: International
Perspectives of Social, Economic, and Political Transformations of Suburbs
II
Issues of South Asia I
Issues of South Asia II
India in the Global Economy
Environment, Population and Hazards:
Challenges for South Asia
Gender Livelihoods 1: Gender, Space,
Work and Development
Discussant: Katherine N. Rankin, University
of Toronto
Gendered Livelihoods 2: Ideologies,
Identities & Economic Practice
Discussant: Elsbeth Robson, University
of Keele
[TOP]
Like the United States, academic geography in Japan began about a hundred years ago. Around 1887, the study of geography began at the Imperial University of Japan in Tokyo, but it was not until much later that geography began to be taught as a specialized course. In 1907, the department of historical science and geography was established in the College of Literature, Kyoto Imperial University, and in 1911 the department of geography was set up in the College of Science, Tokyo Imperial University. Nagoya University, established in 1939 as one of the seven imperial universities, has developed a strong program in geography. Geography program is located on the main Higashiyama campus in a residential section of Nagoya City, while the School of Medicine and University Hospital are on Tsurumai campus about 2 and half miles west of the main campus. Nagoya City and its suburban area is the fourth largest in population and second in industrial production in Japan. Nagoya University has 3500 faculty in various departments and research institutes in addition to over 970 researchers from nearly all parts of the world. About eleven thousand undergraduates and six thousand graduate students are enrolled at the University. The Nagoya University Library has 2.7 million books (1.4 million in Japanese and Chinese and 1.3 million in foreign languages), and offers excellent facilities for geographic research. The geography program at Nagoya University offers Bachelor’s degree as well as M.A. and Ph.D. Master’s degree ( Shushi Chirigaku) is awarded to graduate students who have studied required subjects for more than two years; have earned more than 30 units of credit, and completed a thesis and passed required examinations. A Ph.D. degree (Hakusi Chirigaku) is granted to those who have studied more than five years (three years for those who have finished the master’s course), have presented an original thesis under faculty supervision, and have passed examinations for the degree. Since 1956 the program has awarded 19 doctoral degrees and 72 masters degree. The geography program at Nagoya University offers research and instruction in human as well as physical geography and regional geography. The major research fields of the current faculty are urban geography, historical geography, behavioral geography, geomorphology, Quaternary research, GIS, and Asia. The boundaries between the traditional subdivisions are less well-defined at Nagoya , as links between the areas have strengthened in faculty and graduate student research and the development of important new tools, including modeling, GIS and remote sensing has created new foci. Full time faculty at present comprise Professor Masatomo Umitsu (geomorphology, riverine and coastal landform evolution, and late Quaternary Paleo-environment), Professor Tsunetoshi Mizoguchi (historical geography, regional studies in South Asia, and Core-periphery structure), Professor Kohei Okamoto (cognitive mapping, time-space geography, and urban structure), Professor Koji Ohnishi (behavioral geography and geographic education), and Professor Keiichi Okunuki (GIS, and urban planning). A key feature of geographic research at Nagoya is the ongoing ‘internationalization’ of research activity by graduate students and faculty. This is evident in several contexts, including the increasing importance of overseas study areas ( Korea Vietnam, Thailand, India, Bangladesh), the growth of collaborative involvement with scholars in the United States, China, Canada, Australia), and participation in international scientific programs and associated scientific activities. Nagoya physical geographer Umitsu has traditionally indulged his interests well beyond the home country and has, for example, made important contributions to research on Ganges Delta (Sedimentary Geology 80(1993): 177-186; Marine Geodesy, 20 (1997): 77-87; Tropics 6 (1997): 189-202); Coastal Thailand (Tropics 8 (1999):239-255 Tropics 8(1999): 317-328); and Coastal Oregon (The Holocene 8 (1998): 287-299). The evolution of riverine coastal plains and flood plains continue to attract considerable interest among students. Nagoya historical/cultural geographer Mizoguchi has international field research programs in the United States with Professor Skinner at UC-Davis and important work has been carried out on India (Markets and Marketing in North India, Nagoya University, 1991). Mizoguchi has also made major contributions to the historical geography of Japan (Geographical Review of Japan 69B:(1996): 21-41). Historical geography at Nagoya is producing exciting new research avenues that reflect the enduring tradition of interdisciplinary. Contemporary historical geographic research at Nagoya has become more cultural, but without lessening its concerns with the material shaping of places, spaces, landscapes and lives. Prof. Okamoto has continued to produce important work in urban and behavioral geography of a kind which displays both knowledge in depth and commitment. His work is distinguished by a transition to a wider role in the social sciences and humanities. Okamoto has authored several books including Cognition and Behavior in Urban Space (2000), Space and Time in the City (1996); and Nagoya Region (1993) all published in Tokyo by Kokon-Shoin. Prof. Ohnishi’s work on awareness of spaces reflect a growing interest in the way that experiences of children influence their perception of urban space. Professor Ohnishi’s current research project involves investigations of children’s cognition of space. He has presented several papers at international and national conferences. Ohnishi also coordinates the academic meetings and field excursion programs of the Nagoya Geographical Association. Prof. Okunuki’s research involves development of a mobile GIS for field research in geography which will enable researchers to import base maps, geographic data base in the field to prepare thematic maps. He is also working on computational methods for estimating demand of retail stores on a street network using GIS, and for optimizing the location of a store, and development of network-based systems with virtual space for city planning. His research on developing a guidance system that helps people, particularly people in wheelchairs, find their destinations with bird’s-eye-view maps through the Internet has attracted considerable interest in Japan. The expansion of international research involvement highlighted above also reflects a move towards increasing interdisciplinary research that continues. It is a clear evidence of an active and evolving program at Nagoya which is responding to challenges and opportunities of the 21st century. Looking at the research itself undertaken by faculty and students, particular developments and achievements can be identified in two main contexts. The first represents developments relating to the application of new tools or techniques, which have generated new opportunities or broken new ground, whereas the second relates to notable levels of activity and achievements in particular areas of the subject. In the first case, Nagoya geographers have been quick to exploit the potential of new technology and tools across a wide range of research. In the second case, time-space modeling continues to represent an important focus of activity in human geography. Among graduate students at Nagoya new areas of work are now appearing which do not fit into any of the extant sub-disciplines, both because they cross borders of so many existing geographical concerns and because they strike out so strongly into interdisciplinary territory. The program challenges graduate students with cutting-edge research in economic and urban geography, fluvial geomorphology, and advanced historical geography. Graduate students regularly publish their research in Human Geography (Kyoto) and Geographical Review of Japan (Tokyo) as well as other journals in physical and social sciences. Nagoya University graduates occupy faculty positions in major Japanese universities. American students interested in pursuing graduate work in geography at Nagoya should write to: Professor Masatomo
Umitsum , Head
Assistant Professor in Geography at Kansas State University
KANSAS, MANHATTAN 66506-2904. Kansas State University. Entry-level Assistant Professor in Geography. Tenure Line, beginning August, 2001. Ph.D. required. Preference will be given to candidates whose research interests include economic geography, who have begun to establish an outstanding record of social science research, who can contribute to existing departmental strengths, and who have a strong potential for securing extramural funding. Excellence in teaching and advising is expected and teaching responsibilities will include required courses for undergraduate majors in cartography and economic geography. Additional teaching responsibilities will include a high enrollment introductory course and graduate level instruction in the candidate’s topical area of expertise. Kansas State University is a land-grant institution with an enrollment of approximately 22,000 students. The Department of Geography is one of 39 programs that offer the PhD degree. Rural geography is the focus for doctoral level education and existing areas of strength include Great Plains environments, rural population, natural resources, and cultural geography. Examine: http://www.ksu.edu/geography/ for more information about the department. Kansas State University provides the opportunity to work with scholars in agricultural economics, economics, sociology, planning, and other departments and with organizations on campus such as the Kansas Center for Rural Initiatives, and the Huck Boyd Institute for Rural Development. Kansas State University is an equal opportunity employer. KSU actively seeks diversity among its employees. Review of applicants’ files will begin on January 12, 2001. Send a letter of application describing your qualifications, a curriculum vitae, copies of recent publications, evidence of teaching ability, and arrange for three letters of reference to be sent to: Dr. Bimal Paul
voice: 785-532-6727
[TOP]
Lecturer Position at University of Northern Colorado
COLORADO, GREELEY 80639. The University of Northern Colorado seeks applicants for a one-year (with possibility of renewal) lecturer position. To begin in August 2001. Doctorate in geography or related discipline (ABD considered). The department is seeking someone qualified to teach world geography or geography of U.S. and Canada and advanced geography courses. A regional specialty in the Developing World is desirable. Service and/or scholarship responsibilities expected. Screening of applications begins February 1, 2001, and continues until the position is filled. Send letters of application, vitae, transcripts, names of three referees, and evidence of successful college teaching. UNC is an AA/EO employer committed to fostering diversity in its student body, faculty and staff. For complete position description or to apply contact: Dr. Gil Schmidt,
Chair
voice: 970-351-2715
[TOP]
AGSG Officers Chair
Secretary-Treasurer
AGSG Area Directors South Asia: Jayati Ghosh
Southeast Asia: Rachel Silvey
East Asia: David W. Edgington
Southwest Asia: Hussein Amery
[TOP]
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