PS 681, SUGGESTED READINGS

 

Approaches and Methods

1.        John C. Wahlke, "Pre-Behavioralism in Political Science," American Political Science Review, 73 (March 1979): 9-31.

2.        Tom Tyler, Kenneth Razinski, and Eugene Griffin. “Alternative Images of the Citizen.” American Psychologist, 41:  970-978.

3.        John Dryzek. 1988. "The Mismeasure of Political Man." The Journal of Politics, 705-725.

4.        Paul E. Spector, Research Designs, pp. 7-39.

5.        Stuart Oskamp, Attitudes and Opinions,  chs. on attitude measurement and opinion surveys.
OR  Chris Achen on Survey Measurement.

6.        John L. Sullivan, et al., "The Meaning of Patriotism and Its Role in the 1988 Presidential Election," mimeo (also in American Journal of Political Science).

7.        Skim Fred I. Greenstein, Personality and Politics, preface (v-xvii), Chs. 1-4.

8.        Jean Converse and Stanley Presser, Survey Questions, skim.

9.        Donald R. Kinder, Experimental Foundations of Political Science,1993.

10.     Conover and Searing, "Citizenship Regained: A New Framework for the Study of Political Socialization," Journal of Politics,

11.     Michael Delli Carpini and Bruce Williams. 1991. “Methods, Metaphors and Media Messages: The Uses of Television in Conversations about the Environment.” (mimeo on focus groups)

12.     Herbert Simon. 1990. Alternative visions of rationality. In Paul K. Moser (ed.), Rationality in Action. Cambridge University Press.

13.     Steven R. Brown and Lawrence E. Melamed. 1990. Experimental Design and Analysis. Berkeley, CA: Sage Publications.

14.     Thomas Piazza, Paul Sniderman, and Philip E. Tetlock, "Analysis of the Dynamics of Political Reasoning:  General-Purpose Computer Assisted Technology." (Also in Political Analysis, edited by James Stimson, 1989.) 

 

Political Tolerance and Democratic Values

1.        Benjamin Page and Robert Shapiro. 1993. “The Rational Public and Democracy.” In George Marcus and Russell Hanson (eds.), Reconsidering the Democratic Public. Pennsylvania State University Press.

2.        Benjamin Barber. 1993. “Reductionist Political Science and Democracy.” In George Marcus and Russell Hanson (eds.), Reconsidering the Democratic Public. Pennsylvania State University Press.

3.        Michal Shamir. 1991. “Political Intolerance among Masses and Elites in Israel” The Journal of Politics, 53(4): 1111-1122.

4.        Dennis Chong. 1993.  “How People Think, Reason, and Feel about Rights and Liberties,” American Journal of Political Science, 37(3): 867-899.

5.        James Gibson. 1992. "Alternative Measures of Political Tolerance: Must Tolerance Be 'Least-Liked?'" American Journal of Political Science,  American Journal of Political Science, 36(2): 560-77.  (skim and ponder)

6.        Steven Kautz.  1993.  “Liberalism and the Idea of Toleration.” American Journal of Political Science, 37(2): 610-632.  (follow-up on contemporary philosophical issues regarding tolerance). 

7.        Sullivan, et al. 1993.  “Why Politicians are More Tolerant:  Selective Recruitment and Socialization among Political Elites in Britain, Israel, New Zealand, and the United States,” British Journal of Public Opinion., 23: 51-76. 

8.        James Gibson and Raymond Duch. forthcoming.  “Political Intolerance in the USSR:  The Distribution and Etiology of Mass Opinion,” Comparative Political Studies. 

9.        Arthur H. Miller, et al. (eds.). 1993.  Public Opinion and Regime Change: The New Politics of Post-Soviet Societies. 

10.     Hadley Arkes, "Comments on 'Passion and Reason..." (mimeo).  (Also as “Can Emotion Supply the Place of Reason” in Marcus and Hanson, Reconsidering the Democratic Public, 1993).

11.     John Sullivan, Michal Shamir, Nigel S. Roberts and Patrick Walsh, "Political Intolerance and the Structure of Mass Attitudes," Comparative Political Studies, 17 (3): 319-344.

12.     James Gibson.  1993.  “Perceived Political Freedom in the the Soviet Union,” The Journal of Politics, 55(4): 936-974.

13.     James Gibson, "Putting Up With Fascists in Western Europe: A Comparative, Cross-Level Analysis of Political Tolerance," Western Politics Quarterly,

14.     Barnum, David G. and John Sullivan,. 1988. Attitudinal Intolerance and Political Freedom in Britain." British Journal of Political Science. 18: 604-614.

15.     Herbert McClosky and Alida Brill.  1983. Dimensions of Tolerance: What Americans Think about Civil Liberties.  NY: Russell Sage Foundation.

16.     Michal Shamir and John Sullivan. 1983. "The Political Context of Tolerance: The U.S. and Israel." American Political Science Review, 77: 911-28.

17.     Paul Sniderman, et al. 1989. "Principled Tolerance and the American Public." British Journal of Political Science, 19: 25-45.

18.     Caspi, Dan and Mitchell Seligson. 1983. "Toward an Empirical Theory of Tolerance: Radical Groups in Israel and Costa Rica." Comparative Political Studies, 15: 385-404.

19.     Sullivan, et al. 1983. Political Tolerance in Context

 

Mass Belief Systems:

1.        Donald R. Kinder. 1983. "Diversity and Complexity in American Public Opinion," in Political Science:  The State of the Discipline, edited by Ada W. Finifter, pp. 389-425. Washington, D.C.:  The American Political Science Association. (Review Piece)

2.        Ole Holsti. 1992. “Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: Challenges to the Almond-Lippman Consensus.”  International Studies Quarterly, (1992) 36: 439-466. (Review Piece)

3.        Jennifer Hochschild, What's Fair? American Beliefs about Distributive Justice., 1981 (c.f., Robert Lane), chs. 1, 2, 8, 9.

4.        Stuart Oskamp, Attitudes and Opinions, 2nd ed., chs. 6 ("Structure of Opinion"); skim chs. 7 and 8.

5.        Robert Luskin. 1987. Measuring Political Sophistication, or Will Somebody Here Please Turn Out the Lights? American Journal of Political Science, November, 1987.  Critique and review of concepts, measures, and models of political belief systems.

6.        Pamela Conover and Stanley Feldman, "The Origin and Meaning of Liberal-Conservative Identifications," American Journal of Political Science, 25 (1981): 617-645.

7.        Robert Puttnam. The Beliefs of Politicians, 1973. ch 2 ("Studying Elite Political Culture"), ch. 3 (Ideological Politics: A Style of Political Analysis"), and ch. 4 ("Attitudes and Behaviors of Ideological Politicians").

8.        Norman Nie, Sidney Verba, and John Petrocik, The Changing American Voter, chs 7-8 on rising levels of conceptualization and issue consistency.

9.        John Sullivan, et al., "Ideological Constraint in the Mass Public:  A Methodological Critique and Some New Findings," American Journal of Political Science, 22 (May, 1978), 250-269.

10.     Paul Sniderman and Phil Tetlock. 1986. Interrelation of political ideology and public opinion. In Margaret Herrmann (ed.), Political Psychology.

11.     Marcus, George, D. Tabb, and John Sullivan, "The Application of Individual Differences Scaling to the Measurement of Political Ideologies," American Journal of Political Science, 1974, 18, 405-420.

12.     Mark Peffley and Jon Hurwitz. 1992. "International events and foreign policy beliefs: Public response to changing U.S.-Soviet Relations, American Journal of Political Science, 36(2): 431-461.

13.     Henry Brady and Paul Sniderman, "Attitude Attribution: A Group Basis for Political Reasoning," American Political Science Review, 1985, 79(4): 1061-1078.

14.     Stanley Feldman. 1989. “The Roots of Moral Conservatism.” mimeo.

15.     Ronald Inglehart, "Post-Materialism in an Environment of Insecurity," American Political Science Review, 75 (1981): 880-980.

16.     Ronald Inglehart and Scott Flanagan, "Value Change in Industrial Societies," American Political Science Review, 81 (Dec. 1987): 1289-1322, esp. Flanagan.

17.     Raymond M. Duch and Michaell Taylor. 1993. “Postmaterialism and the Economic Condition.” American Journal of Political Science, 37(3):  747-779.

18.     Robert Rohrschneider. 1994. “Report from the Laboratory: The Influence of Institutions on Political Elites’ Democratic Values in Germany.” American Political Science Review, 88 (4): 927-944. 

19.     Ole Holsti, "Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: Challenges to the Almond-Lippman Consensus," International Studies Quarterly, (1992) 36: 439-466.

20.     Jon Hurwitz and Mark Peffley, "How Are Foreign Policy Attitudes Structured?  A Hierarchical Model," American Political Science Review, 81(4) (December, 1987): 1099-1120.

21.     Jon Hurwitz, Mark Peffley, and Mitchell Seligson. 1993. “Foreign Policy Belief Systems in Comparative Perspective,” International Studies Quarterly, 37: 245-270.

22.     Jon Hurwitz and Mark Peffley. 1990. "Public images of the Soviet Union: The impact on foreign policy attitudes. Journal of Politics, 52(1):  3-28.

23.     Philip E. Tetlock, "Cognitive Style and Political Belief Systems in the British House of Commons," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1984, 46 (2): 365-375.

24.     OR Philip E. Tetlock, Integrative complexity of American and Soviet foreign policy statements. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (1985) 49(6): 1565-1585.

25.     OR  Philip E. Tetlock. 1985. Integrative complexity and policy reasoning. In Sidney Kraus and R. Perloff (eds.), Mass Media and Political Thought.

26.     Fred I. Greenstein, Personality and Politics, Chs. 2-4, pp. 33-119.

27.     Robert Altemeyer, Right-Wing Authoritarianism, 1981, chs. 3-6, pp. 147-272 (reserve).

28.     Herbert McClosky and Dennis Chong. 1985. Similarities and differences among left-wing and right-wing radicals. British Journal of Political Science, 15: 329-363.

29.     Exchange between Abramson/Inglehart and Duch/Taylor in American Journal of Political Science, 1994, 38(3): 797-824.

30.     James Gibson, Raymond Duch, Kent Tedin. 1992. Democratic values and the transformation of the Soviet Union." The Journal of Politics, 54 (2): 329-371.

31.     Ada Finifter and Ellen Mickiewicz. 1992. “Redefining the Political System of the USSR:  Mass Support for Political Change.” American Political Science Review, 86: 857-874.

32.     Jeffrey A Segal and Albert Cover. 1989. “Ideological Values and the Votes of United States Supreme Court Justices,” 83 American Political Science Review, 83: 557-564.

33.     Richard Allen, Michael Dawson, and Ronald Brown, "A Schema-Based Approach to Modeling an African-American Racial Belief System," American Political Science Review, 83(2): 421-442.

34.     Aaron Wildavsky, "Choosing Preferences by Constructing Institutions: A Cultural Theory of Preference Formation," American Political Science Review, 81(1): 3-22.

35.     Stanley Feldman, "Structure and Consistency in Public Opinion: The Role of Core Beliefs and Values," American Journal of Political Science 32(2), (May 1988): 416-440.

36.     Paul Sniderman, Richard Brody and Phil Tetlock. 1992. Reasoning and Choice.

 

Prejudice and Whites' Racial Policy Attitudes

1.        Mark Peffley, Jon Hurwitz and Paul Sniderman. "Racial Stereotypes and Whites’ Political Views of Blacks in the Context of Welfare and Crime." American Journal of Political Science, 1997,  41(1).

2.        Mark Peffley and Jon Hurwitz . “Public Perceptions of Race and Crime: The Role of Racial Stereotypes.” American Journal of Political Science, 1997, 41(2).

3.        Mark Peffley and Todd Shields. 1996. “Contemporary Politics and Whites’ Stereotypes of African Americans.” In Micropolitical Studies in Political Science, ed. Michael Delli Carpini, Leonie Huddy, and Robert Shapiro. JAI Press.

4.        Paul Sniderman, et al., "The New Racism: Traditional Values and Discrimination Against Blacks,"mimeo. Also in American Journal of Political Science, (1991), 35: 423-447.

5.        Lawrence Bobo and James Kleugel. 1993.  “Opposition to Race-Targeting: Self-Interest, Stratification Ideology, or Racial Attitudes?” American Sociological Review, 58 (August: 443-464).

6.        Martin Gilens, “Racial Attitudes and Race-Neutral Social Policies: ‘Race Coding’ and Opposition to Welfare among White Americans,” In Jon Hurwitz and Mark Peffley (Eds.), Perception and Prejudice: Race and Politics in the United States, Yale University Press, forthcoming. 

7.        Ted Carmines and Paul Sniderman. 1993. “The Asymmetry of Race as a Political Issue:  Prejudice, Political Ideology and the Structure of Conflict in American Politics,” In Jon Hurwitz and Mark Peffley (Eds.), Perception and Prejudice: Race and Politics:in the United States, Yale University Press, forthcoming.

8.        Jim Kuklinski, et al. 1993.  “The New American Dilemma: Racism and Racial Resentment,” In Jon Hurwitz and Mark Peffley (Eds.), Perception and Prejudice: Race and Politics:in the United States, Yale University Press, forthcoming.

9.        Nayda Terkildsen.  1993.  “When White Voters Evaluate Black Candidates:  The Processing Implications of Candidate Skin Color, Prejudice and Self-Monitoring.” American Journal of Political Science, 37(4): 1032-1053.

10.     James Gibson and Raymond Dusch. “Cultural anti-semitism in the USSR.”  mimeo. (Also as “Anti-Semitic Attitudes of the Mass Public:  Estimates and Explanations Based on a Survey of the Moscow Oblast,” in Public Opinion Quarterly, 56: 1-28)

11.     Staurt Oskamp, Attitudes and Opinions, chs. 15 (Racism and prejudice) and 16 (Gender role attitudes).

12.     Donald Kinder and David O. Sears. 1981. "Prejudice and politics: Symbolic racism versus racial threats to the good life." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40: 414-431.

13.     Lawrence Bobo. 1983. "Whites' opposition to busing: Symbolic racism or realistic group conflict?" Journal of Persoanlity and Social Psychology, 45: 1196-1210.

14.     James Sidanius and Felicia Pratto. 1993.  “The Inevitability of Oppression and the Dynamics of Social Dominance.” In P. Sniderman and P. Tetlock (Eds.), Prejudice, Politics, and the American Dilemma. Stanford University Press, pp. 173-211.

15.     Howard Schuman and Lawrence Bobo. 1988. “Survey-Based Experiments on White Racial Attitudes toward Residential Integration.” American Journal of Sociology, 94(2): 273-99. (Also in Donald Kinder and Thomas R. Pallfrey (Eds.), Experimental Foundations of Political Science, 1993, pp. 53-78).

16.     Paul Sniderman and Thomas Piazza.  1993.  The Scar of Race.  Bellknap/Harvard. 

17.     Edward R. Carmines and James A Stimson. 1981. "Issue evolution, population replacement, and normal partisan change." American Political Science Review, 75: 107-118.

18.     Ted Carmines and James Stimson.  Issue Evolution: Race and the Transformation of American Politics, 1989.

19.     Ted Carmines and James Stimson. “The Structure and Sequence of Issue Evolution,” American Political Science Review, 80: 901-920.

20.     William Julius Wilson, The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, The Underclass and Public Policy, Chicago, 1987.

21.     Christopher Jencks, ed. Rethinking Social Policy: Race Poverty and the Underclass, 1992.

22.     Andrew Hacker, Two Nations: Black and White, Separate, Hostile, and Unequal. NY: MacMillan, 1992.

23.     David O. Sears. 1988. “Symbolic Racism.” In P.A. Katz and D. A. Taylor (Eds.), Eliminating Racism: Profiles in Controversy. NY: Plenumm, pp. 53-84.

24.     Kinder and Sears, 1985.

25.     James M. Glaser. 1994. “Back to the Black Belt: Racial Environment and White Attitudes in the South,” Journal of Politics, 1994, 56(1): 21-41.

 

Social Cognition Models

1.        Milton Lodge and Kathleen McGraw. 1994. Political Judgment.  Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

2.        Skim Susan Fiske and Shelley Taylor, Social Cognition, 2nd ed. Chs. 1 (Intro), 2-3 (attribution th.), 4-5 (schemata), 9 (social inference and heuristics), 11 (cognitive approaches to attitudes), and 13 (conclusion), esp. chs. 1 and 4-5.

3.        OR  Stuart Oskamp, Attitudes and Opinions, 2nd ed., chs. 1-4, 9, 10, 11; esp. chs 2 ("Social Perception and Social Cognition," 9, 10 ("Attitude Change Theories and Research"), and 11 ("Attitude-Behavior Consistency and Related Issues").

4.        Wendy Rahn. 1993.  "The Role of Partisan Stereotypes in Information Processing about Political Candidates.." American Journal of Political Science, 37(2):  472-496.

5.        Mark Peffley, Jon Hurwitz and Paul Sniderman. "Racial Stereotypes and Political Attitudes in Contemporary White Society," In Jon Hurwitz and Mark Peffley (Eds.), Perception and Prejudice: Race and Politics:in the United States, Yale University Press, forthcoming.

6.        Richard Herrmann and Steven Voss. “International Images and Political Schemata.” mimeo.

7.        Milton Lodge, Kathleen McGraw, and Patrick Stroh. 1989. “An Impression-Driven Model of Candidate Evaluation.” American Political Science Review, 83(2): 399-420. 

8.        David G. Myers, Social Psychology, chs. 1, 2, 4, and 8 ("Introduction," "Behavior and Attitudes," "How We Form and Sustain Social Beliefs," and "Persuasion.").

9.        Ole Holsti, "Cognitive Dynamics and Images of the Enemy," Journal of International Affairs, 1967, pp. 16-39. (an example of cognitive consistency models of "hot" cognitions)

10.     Reid Hastie, "A primer on information-processing theory for the political scientist." In Richard Lau and David Sears. Political Cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 11-39.

11.     Shanto Iyengar, "How Citizens Think about National Issues: A Matter of Responsibility," American Journal of Political Science, 1989, 33(4): 878-900. (an example of attribution theory)

12.     Jeffrey J. Mondak. 1993. Source Cues and Policy Approval:  The Cognitive Dynamics of Public Support for the Reagan Agenda. American Journal of Political Science, 37(1):  186-212.  (an example of the use of heuristics)

13.     Jeffrey J. Mondak. “Source Cues and Heuristic Processing.” Political Behavior

14.     Skim one or both of the following to get a sense of the Bolland et al critique of scema research in political science:

15.     Milton Lodge and Ruth Hamill, "A Partisan Schema for Political Information Processing," American Political Science Review, 1986 80(2): 505-19.

16.     Pamela Johnston Conover and Stanley Feldman, "How People Organize the Political World:  A Schematic Model," American Journal of Political Science, 28 (February 1984): 95-126.

17.     John M. Bolland, James Kuklinski and Robert Luskin, "Where's the Schema? Going Beyond the 'S' Word in Political Psychology" and "Critiques," by Lodge and McGraw, and esp. Conover and Feldman, American Political Science Review.  1991, 85(4): 1357-1369.

18.     Mark Peffley, Stanley Feldman, and Lee Sigelman, "Economic Conditions and Party Competence:  Processes of Belief Revision," Journal of Politics, 1987, 49(1): 100-121.

19.     Richard Herrmann, "The power of perceptions in foreign policy decision making: Do views of the Soviet Union determine the policy choices of American leaders?" American Journal of Political Science, (1986) 30(4): 841-875.

20.     Leonnie Huddy and Nayda Terkildsen.  1993.  “Gender Stereotypes and the perception of Male and Female Candidates.” American Journal of Political Science, 37(1):  119-147.

 

Dynamic Models  of Opinion Change

1.        Barbara Geddes and John Zaller, "Sources of Popular Support for Authoritarian Regimes, American Journal of Political Science, 1989, 33(2): 319-347.

2.        John Zaller.  1991. “Information, Values and Opinion.” American Political Science Review, 85(4): 1215-1238.

3.        John Zaller. 1992. "Information Models and the Incumbency Effect in Congress." mimeo.

4.        James Stimson. Public Opinion in America:  Moods, Cycles, and Swings, Westview, 1991.

5.        Chong, Dennis, Herbert McClosky, and John Zaller, "Patterns of Support for Democratic and Capitalist Values in the United States," British Journal of Political Science, 13(1984): 401-440. 

6.        Stuart Oskamp, Attitudes and Opinions, chs. 9 and 10 on attitude change theories.

7.        Jon Krosnick and Laura A. Brannon.  1993.  “The Impact of the Gulf War on the Ingredients of Presidential Evaluations:  Multidimensional Effects of Political Involvement,” American Political Science Review, 87(4):  963-978.  (also a critique of Zaller)

8.        Zaller articles in Political Communication Quartlerly.

 

Mass Media (General)

1.        Review Piece: Doris Graber in Ada Finifter, State of the Discipline, II,
OR Michael Delli Carpini and Bruce Williams.  Review article: Mainstream and critical approaches to the study of media and politics. Mimeo.[MP1] 

2.        Review piece by either Doris Graber (In State of the Discipline II) or Bruce Williams and Michael Delli Carpini.

3.        Robert Entman, Democracy Without Citizens, 1989, pp. 3-140.

4.        Daniel C. Hallin. 1984. The media, the war in Vietnam, and political support: A critique of the thesis of an oppositional media. Journal of Politics, 46: 2-24.

5.        Robert Entman, Modern racism and the images of blacks in local television news. Critical Studies in mass Communication 7 (1990): 332-345
OR Entman, Blacks in the news: Modern racism and cultural change. Journalism Quarterly, 69 (2): 341-361.

6.        Thomas Patterson. 1993. Out of Order, Knopf. 

7.        Todd Gitlin. 1978. Media sociology: The dominant paradigm in media research. Theory and Society: 205-253.

 

Mass Media (Impact on Political Behavior)

1.        Kirby Goidel, Todd Shields, and Mark Peffley. “Media Priming and Attitude Change: An Analysis of the 1992 NES Panel Study.” American Politics Quarterly, 1997

2.        “The Intersection of Race and Crime in Television News: An Experimental Study,” (with Todd Shields and Bruce Williams), Political Communication, 1996, 13: 309-327

3.        Jon Krosnick and Laura A. Brannon.  1993.  “The Impact of the Gulf War on the Ingredients of Presidential Evaluations:  Multidimensional Effects of Political Involvement,” American Political Science Review, 87(4):  963-978.  (also a critique of Zaller)

4.        Jon Krosnick and Donald Kinder, "Altering the Foundations of Popular Support for the President through Priming: Reagan and the Iran-Contra Affair," American Political Science Review, 1990, 84(2): 497-512

5.        Shanto Iyengar, "Television News and Citizens' Explanations of National Affairs," American Political Science Review, 1987, 81(3): 815-832.

6.        Benjamin Page, Robert Shapiro and Glen Dempsey, "What Moves Public Opinion?" American Political Science Review, 81(1): 23-44.

7.        Vincent Price and John Zaller. 1993. “Who Gets the News? Alternative Measures of News Reception and Their Implications for Research.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 57: 133-64.

8.        Larry M. Bartels.  1993.  “Messages Received:  The Political Impact of Media Exposure,” American Political Science Review, 87(2): 267-285.

9.        Stephen Ansolabahere, Shanto Iyengar, Adam Simon, and Nicholas Valentino, “Does Attack Advertising Demobilize the Electorate?” American Political Science Review, 1994, 88(4): 829-838.

10.     Ansolabahere, et al., The Media Game.

11.     Vincent Price and John Zaller. 1993. “Who Gets the News? Alternative Measures of news Reception and Their Implications for Research.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 57: 133-64.

12.     Larry M. Bartels.  1993.  “”Messages Received:  The Political Impact of Media Exposure,” American Political Science Review, 87(2): 267-285.

13.     Stephen Ansolabahere, Shanto Iyengar, Adam Simon, and Nicholas Valentino, “Does Attack Advertising Demobilize the Electorate?” American Political Science Review, 1994, 88(4): 829-838.

14.     Benjamin Page, Robert Shapiro and Glen Dempsey, "What Moves Public Opinion?" American Political Science Review, 81(1): 23-44.

15.     Todd Gitlin. 1978. Media sociology: The dominant paradigm in media research. Theory and Society: 205-253.

16.     Robinson, M. J., "Public Affairs Television and the Growth of Political Malaise: The Case of 'The Selling of the Pentagon,'" American Political Science Review, 1976, 70: 409-32.

17.     Shanto Iyengar and Donald Kinder, "Experimental Demonstrations of the 'Not-So-Minimal' Consequences of Television News Programs," American Political Science Review, 1982, 76: 848-858.

18.     Shanto Iyengar, et al., "The Evening News and Presidential Evaluations," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1984, 46: 778-87.

19.     Lee Sigelman and Stanley Feldman, "The Political Impact of Prime-Time Television: 'The Day After,'" Journal of Politics, 1985, 47: 556-578.

20.     Walter Lippman. 1922. Chapter 23: "The Nature of the News, " and Chapter 24: "News, Truth, and a Conclusion." In Public Opinion. NY: The Free Press.

21.     Robert Entman, "How the Media Affect What People Think: An Information Processing Approach," Journal of Politics, 1989, 51(2): 347-372.

22.     Richard Brody. 1991. Assessing the President.

23.     Robert Kirby Goidel and Todd Shields. 1994. “The Vanishing Marginals, the Bandwagon, and the Mass Media.” Journal of Politics, 56(3): 802-10.

24.     Todd Shields. 1993. “Attributions of Responsibility and the Mass Media: The Influence of Visual Images.”

25.     Mark Peffley, Kirby Goidel and Ronald Langley. “Public Responses to the President’s Use of Military Force.” Political Behavior, forthcoming.

 

Social Influence Models

1.        Stanley Milgram, Obedience to Authority, chs 2-6, 9, 14; OR the article version.

2.        Herbert Kelman and V. Lee Hamilton. 1989. Chapter 1: “The Mai Lai Massacre: A Military Crime of Obedience.” In Crimes of Obedience. Yale University Press. (reserve)

3.        Elizabeth Noelle-Neuman. 1993. The Spiral of Silence.[MP2] 

4.        Robert Huckfeldt and John Sprague, “Citizens, Contexts, and Politics,” in Ada Finifter, Political Science:  The State of the Discipline, II, 1993. (overview piece, skim)

5.        Robert Huckfeldt and John Sprague, "Networks in Context: The Social Flow of Political Information," American Political Science Review, 81(1987): 1197-1216.

6.        Lee Ann Banaszak and Eric Plutzer. 1993. “Contextual Determinants of Feminist Attitudes: National and Subnational Influences in Western Europe,” American Political Science Review, 87(1): 147-157.

7.        Pamela Conover. 1993.  “Gender, Feminist Consciousness, and War.” American Journal of Political Science, 37(4):  1079-1099.

8.        Kenneth Wald, et al. 1988. “Churches as political communities.”  American Political Science Review, 82: 532-548.

9.        Ted G. Jelen.  1992.  “Christianity: A Contextual Analysis.” American Journal of Political Science, 36(3):  692-714.

10.     James Gibson, "The Political Consequences of Intolerance: Cultural Conformity and Political Freedom," American Political Science Review, 1992, 86(2): 338-356.

11.     Richard Shingle, "Blacks' Consciousness and Political Participation: The Missing Link," American Political Science Review, 1981, 75(1): 76-91.

12.     Michael Giles and Thomas Walker. 1975. “Judicial Policy-Making and Southern School Segregation,” Journal of Politics, 37: 917-935.

13.     Bernard Berelson, et al. Voting, ch. 14.

14.     Arthur Miller, et al., "Group Consciousness and Political Participation," American Journal of Political Science, 1981, 25(3): 494-511.

15.     Stephen Weatherford, "Interpersonal Networks in Political Participation: The Missing Link," American Journal of Political Science, 26 (February 1982): 117-43.

16.     Robert Huckfeldt and John Sprague. 1992.  “Political Parties and Electoral Mobilization: Political Satructure, Social Structure and the Party Canvass.” American Political Science Review, 86(1):  70-86.

17.     Steven Finkel, Edward Muller, and Karl-Dieter Opp, "Personal Influence, Collective Rationality, and Mass Political Action, American Political Science Review, 1989, 83(3): 885-904.

 

 

Participation

1.        Robert Puttnam. 1995a. “Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital.” Journal of Democracy 6: 65-78.

2.        Bingham Powell, "American Voter Turnout in Comparative Perspective, American Political Science Review, 1986, 80(1): 17-44.

 

Voting Behavior

1.        Skim Samuel L. Popkin, The Reasoning Voter, 1991, University of Chicago Press, chs. 7-9.

2.        Gregory Markus and Philip Converse, "A Dynamic Simultaneous Equation Model of Electoral Choice," American Political Science Review, 1979, 73, 1055-1071.

3.        Wendy Rahn, Jon Krosnick, and Marijke Bruening, “Rationalization and derivation processes in Survey Studies of Political Candidate Evaluation,” American Journal of Political Science, 1994, 38(3): 582-600.

4.        John Aldrich, et al., "Foreign Affairs and Issue Voting: Do Presidential Candidates 'Waltz before a Blind Audience?'", American Political Science Review, 1989, 83(1): 123-142.

5.        Herbert Asher,  "Voting Behavior Research in the 1980's." In Ada Finifter, Political Science: The State of the Discipline, 1983, 339-388. (overview)

6.        Larry Bartels. 1986. "Issue voting under uncertainty: An empirical test. American Journal of Political Science, 30: 709-728.

7.        Rabinowitz, George, Stuart MacDonald, and Ola Listhaug. 1991. "New players in an old game: Party strategy in multi-party systems. Comparative Political Studies, 24(2): 147-85.

8.        Robert Rohrschneider.  1993.  “Party Strategies and New Social Movements.” The Journal of Politics, 55.

9.        Steven Finkel. 1993. “Reexamining the ‘Minimal Effects’ Model in Recent Presidential Campaigns,” The Journal of Politics, 55(1): 1-21.

10.     James Kuklinski and John E. Stanga. 1979. “Political Participation and Government Responsiveness: The Role of the California Superior Court,” American Political Science Review, 83: 1090-1099.

11.     Herbert Asher,  Presidential Elections and American Politics, 4th ed, 1988, chs. 2-4, pp. 41-123. (An update and elaboration of Campbell, et al., The American Voter, 1960.)

12.     Edward Carmines and James Stimson, "The Two Faces of Issue Voting," American Political Science Review, 1980, 74: 78-91.

13.     Sears, David O., et al., "Self Interest vs. Symbolic Politics in Policy Attitudes and Presidential Voting," American Political Science Review, 1980, 74: 670-684.

14.     Bradley Richardson, "Constituency Candidates vs. Parties in Japanese Voting Behavior," American Political Science Review, 1988, 82(3): 695-718.

15.     Lodge, Milton, Kathleen McGraw and Patrick Stroh, "An Impression-Driven Model of Candidate Evaluation," American Political Science Review, 1989, 83 (2): 399-420.

16.     Quattrone, George and Amos Tversky, "Contrasting Rational and Psychological Analyses of Political Choice," American Political Science Review, 1988, 82 (3): 719-736.

17.     Stanley Kelley, Interpreting Elections, 1983.. esp chs. 2 ("A theory of voting") and 3 ("Three tests of decisiveness").

18.     Doug Rivers.  American Journal of Political Science.  1990.

 

Retrospective Models of Political Behavior

1.             Bingham Powell and Guy Whitten.  1993.  “A Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting.” American Journal of Political Science, 37(2):  391-414.

2.             Gregory Markus, "The Impact of Personal and National Economic Conditions on the Presidential Vote: A Pooled Cross-Sectional Analysis," American Journal of Political Science, 1988, 32(1): 137-154.

3.             Gerald Kramer, "The Ecological Fallacy Revisited: Aggregate vs. Individual-Level Findings on Economics and Elections, and Sociotropic Voting," American Political Science Review, 1983, 77(1): 92-111.

4.             Gerald Kramer, "Short-term Fluctuations in U.S. Voting Behavior, 1896-1964," American Political Science Review, 1971, 65(1): 131-43.

5.             Douglas Hibbs, "The Dynamics of Political Support for Americasn Presidents among Occupational and Partisan Groupings," American Journal of Political Science, 1982, 26: 312-332.

6.             Charles Ostrom and Dennis Simon, "Promise and Performance: A Dynamic Model of Presidential Popularity, American Political Science Review, 79: 334-358.

7.             Pamela Conover and Stanley Feldman, "Emotional Reactions to the Economy: I'm Mad as Hell and I'm Not Going to Take It Anymore," American Journal of Political Science, 1986, 30(1):50-78.