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Incompatible Chemicals
The following are examples of
chemical incompatibilities. This list should
not be considered complete and persons unsure as
to the status of a particular chemical are advised
to refer to more recent literature, the manufacturer,
as well as MSDS
databases. This information was extracted from
the University
of Kentucky's Model Chemical Hygiene Plan and "Safety
in Academic Chemistry Laboratories", from the American
Chemical Society.
Chemical
|
Incompatibilities
|
| Acetic acid |
Chromic acid, nitric
acid, hydroxyl compounds, ethylene glycol,
perchloric acid, peroxides, permanganates |
| Acetylene |
Chlorine, bromine,
copper, fluorine, silver, mercury |
| Acetone |
Concentrated nitric
and sulfuric acid mixtures |
| Alkali and alkaline
earth metals (such as powdered aluminum
or magnesium, calcium, lithium, sodium,
potassium) |
Water, carbon tetrachloride
or other chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon
dioxide, halogens |
| Ammonia (anhydrous) |
Mercury (in manometers,
for example), chlorine, calcium hypochlorite,
iodine, bromine, hydrofluoric acid (anhydrous) |
| Ammonium nitrate |
Acids, powdered metals,
flammable liquids, chlorates, nitrites,
sulfur, finely divided organic combustible
materials |
| Aniline |
Nitric acid, hydrogen
peroxide |
| Arsenical materials |
Any reducing agent |
| Azides |
Acids |
| Bromine |
See chlorine |
| Calcium oxide |
Water |
| Carbon (activated) |
Calcium hypochlorite,
all oxidizing agents |
| Carbon tetrachloride |
Sodium |
| Chlorates |
Ammonium salts, acids,
powdered metals, sulfur, finely divided
organic or combustible materials |
| Chromic acid and chromium |
Acetic acid, naphthalene,
camphor, glycerol, alcohol, flammable
liquids in general |
| Chlorine |
Ammonia, acetylene,
butadiene, butane, methane, propane (or
other petroleum gases), hydrogen, sodium
carbide, benzene, finely divided metals,
turpentine |
| Chlorine dioxide |
Ammonia, methane,
phosphine, hydrogen sulfide |
| Copper |
Acetylene, hydrogen
peroxide |
| Cumene hydroperoxide |
Acids (organic or
inorganic) |
| Cyanides |
Acids |
| Flammable liquids |
Ammonium nitrate,
chromic acid, hydrogen peroxide, nitric
acid, sodium peroxide, halogens |
| Fluorine |
All other chemicals |
| Hydrocarbons |
(such as butane, propane,
benzene) Fluorine, chlorine, bromine,
chromic acid, sodium peroxide |
| Hydrocyanic acid |
Nitric acid, alkali |
| Hydrofluoric acid
(anhydrous) |
Ammonia (aqueous or
anhydrous) |
| Hydrogen peroxide |
Copper, chromium,
iron, most metals or their salts, alcohols,
acetone, organic materials, aniline,
nitromethane, combustible materials |
| Hydrogen sulfide |
Fuming nitric acid,
oxidizing gases |
| Hypochlorites |
Acids, activated carbon |
| Iodine |
Acetylene, ammonia
(aqueous or anhydrous), hydrogen |
| Mercury |
Acetylene, fulminic
acid, ammonia |
| Nitrates |
Sulfuric acid |
| Nitric acid (concentrated) |
Acetic acid, aniline,
chromic acid, hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen
sulfide, flammable liquids, flammable
gases, copper, brass, any heavy metals |
| Nitrites |
Acids |
| Nitroparaffins |
inorganic bases, amines |
| Oxalic acid |
Silver, mercury |
| Oxygen |
Oils, grease, hydrogen:
flammable liquids, solids or gases |
| Perchloric acid |
Acetic anhydride,
bismuth and its alloys, alcohol, paper,
wood, gease, oils |
| Peroxides, organic |
Acids (organic or
mineral), avoid friction, store cold |
| Phosphorus (white) |
Air, oxygen, alkalies,
reducing agents |
| Potassium |
Carbon tetrachloride,
carbon dioxide, water |
| Potassium chlorate |
Sulfuric and other
acids |
| Potassium perchlorate
(see also chlorates) |
Sulfuric and other
acids |
| Potassium permanganate |
Glycerol, ethylene
glycol, benzaldehyde, sulfuric acid |
| Selenides |
Reducing agents |
| Silver |
Acetylene, oxalic
acid, tartartic acid, ammonium compounds,
fulminic acid |
| Sodium |
Carbon tetrachloride,
carbon dioxide, water |
| Sodium nitrite |
Ammonium nitrate and
other ammonium salts |
| Sodium peroxide |
Ethyl or methyl alcohol,
glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride,
benzaldehyde, carbon disulfide, glycerin,
ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, methyl
acetate, furfural |
| Sulfides |
Acids |
| Sulfuric acid |
Potassium chlorate,
potassium perchlorate, potassium permanganate
(similar compounds of light metals, such
as sodium, lithium) |
| Tellurides |
Reducing agents |
| Matter |
antimatter |
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