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Incompatible Chemicals
The following are examples of chemical incompatibilities.
This list should not be considered complete and persons
unsure as to the status of a particular chemical are advised
to refer to more recent literature, the manufacturer, as well
as MSDS
databases. This information was extracted from the University
of Kentucky's Model Chemical Hygiene Plan and "Safety in
Academic Chemistry Laboratories", from the American Chemical
Society.
Chemical |
Incompatibilities |
| Acetic acid |
Chromic acid, nitric acid, hydroxyl
compounds, ethylene glycol, perchloric acid, peroxides,
permanganates |
| Acetylene |
Chlorine, bromine, copper, fluorine,
silver, mercury |
| Acetone |
Concentrated nitric and sulfuric
acid mixtures |
| Alkali and alkaline earth metals
(such as powdered aluminum or magnesium, calcium,
lithium, sodium, potassium) |
Water, carbon tetrachloride or
other chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, halogens |
| Ammonia (anhydrous) |
Mercury (in manometers, for example),
chlorine, calcium hypochlorite, iodine, bromine, hydrofluoric
acid (anhydrous) |
| Ammonium nitrate |
Acids, powdered metals, flammable
liquids, chlorates, nitrites, sulfur, finely divided
organic combustible materials |
| Aniline |
Nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide |
| Arsenical materials |
Any reducing agent |
| Azides |
Acids |
| Bromine |
See chlorine |
| Calcium oxide |
Water |
| Carbon (activated) |
Calcium hypochlorite, all oxidizing
agents |
| Carbon tetrachloride |
Sodium |
| Chlorates |
Ammonium salts, acids, powdered
metals, sulfur, finely divided organic or combustible
materials |
| Chromic acid and chromium |
Acetic acid, naphthalene, camphor,
glycerol, alcohol, flammable liquids in general |
| Chlorine |
Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene,
butane, methane, propane (or other petroleum gases),
hydrogen, sodium carbide, benzene, finely divided
metals, turpentine |
| Chlorine dioxide |
Ammonia, methane, phosphine,
hydrogen sulfide |
| Copper |
Acetylene, hydrogen peroxide |
| Cumene hydroperoxide |
Acids (organic or inorganic) |
| Cyanides |
Acids |
| Flammable liquids |
Ammonium nitrate, chromic acid,
hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, sodium peroxide, halogens |
| Fluorine |
All other chemicals |
| Hydrocarbons |
(such as butane, propane, benzene)
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, chromic acid, sodium
peroxide |
| Hydrocyanic acid |
Nitric acid, alkali |
| Hydrofluoric acid (anhydrous) |
Ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous) |
| Hydrogen peroxide |
Copper, chromium, iron, most
metals or their salts, alcohols, acetone, organic
materials, aniline, nitromethane, combustible materials |
| Hydrogen sulfide |
Fuming nitric acid, oxidizing
gases |
| Hypochlorites |
Acids, activated carbon |
| Iodine |
Acetylene, ammonia (aqueous or
anhydrous), hydrogen |
| Mercury |
Acetylene, fulminic acid, ammonia |
| Nitrates |
Sulfuric acid |
| Nitric acid (concentrated) |
Acetic acid, aniline, chromic
acid, hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen sulfide, flammable
liquids, flammable gases, copper, brass, any heavy
metals |
| Nitrites |
Acids |
| Nitroparaffins |
inorganic bases, amines |
| Oxalic acid |
Silver, mercury |
| Oxygen |
Oils, grease, hydrogen: flammable
liquids, solids or gases |
| Perchloric acid |
Acetic anhydride, bismuth and
its alloys, alcohol, paper, wood, gease, oils |
| Peroxides, organic |
Acids (organic or mineral), avoid
friction, store cold |
| Phosphorus (white) |
Air, oxygen, alkalies, reducing
agents |
| Potassium |
Carbon tetrachloride, carbon
dioxide, water |
| Potassium chlorate |
Sulfuric and other acids |
| Potassium perchlorate (see also
chlorates) |
Sulfuric and other acids |
| Potassium permanganate |
Glycerol, ethylene glycol, benzaldehyde,
sulfuric acid |
| Selenides |
Reducing agents |
| Silver |
Acetylene, oxalic acid, tartartic
acid, ammonium compounds, fulminic acid |
| Sodium |
Carbon tetrachloride, carbon
dioxide, water |
| Sodium nitrite |
Ammonium nitrate and other ammonium
salts |
| Sodium peroxide |
Ethyl or methyl alcohol, glacial
acetic acid, acetic anhydride, benzaldehyde, carbon
disulfide, glycerin, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate,
methyl acetate, furfural |
| Sulfides |
Acids |
| Sulfuric acid |
Potassium chlorate, potassium
perchlorate, potassium permanganate (similar compounds
of light metals, such as sodium, lithium) |
| Tellurides |
Reducing agents |
| Matter |
antimatter |
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