Kentucky Integrated Pest Management
Annual Summary 1992

ABSTRACT

Eleven counties participated in formal county-based Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs in 1992. These programs included 410 fields with a total of 13,877 acres. This is half again the number of fields enrolled in 1991. Independent scouting consultants, informal and trial county programs, and farmer-scouts encompassed an additional 111,479 acres. All together, more than 125,000 acres were involved in some phase of integrated pest management during 1992.

More than three-fourths of the acreage enrolled in county-based IPM programs was planted in corn. Soybeans accounted for 13% of the acreage and wheat 6%. Alfalfa (3%) and tobacco (1.1%) were relatively small components of the total picture. No grain sorghum fields were enrolled in formal IPM programs in 1992.

The most common disease, insect, and weed pests were arbitrarily identified as those affecting 50% or more of the fields planted in a given crop. Most of the common diseases under this definition occurred in wheat. These included Glume blotch, Head scab, and Septoria nodorum leaf blotch. Other common diseases in 1992 were Leaf spot in alfalfa and Septoria brown spot in soybeans. At least some fields exceeded reporting values for each of these diseases, with Leaf spots in alfalfa and S. nodorum leaf blotch having the highest percentages of affected fields over reporting value.

Alfalfa weevil and Potato leafhopper were widespread in alfalfa. Aphids were reported to be common in alfalfa, wheat, and tobacco. European corn borer, Flea beetle, and Western corn rootworm beetle were the common insect pests in corn. Over 70% of soybean fields reported Bean leaf beetle, although very few were over the reporting value. Green cloverworm was also common. In addition to Aphids, tobacco fields reported Flea beetle and Tobacco budworm in over 50% of surveyed fields. Armyworm was common in wheat. Only Alfalfa weevil and Potato leaf hopper in alfalfa showed significant numbers of fields over the reporting values for these pests.

A large number of weeds were reported as common in the crops surveyed; most weed pests were over their reporting values in the majority of fields affected. These included Chickweed and Johnsongrass in alfalfa; Crabgrass, Cocklebur, Horsenettle, Morningglory, and Pigweeds in corn and soybeans; Common milkweed, Fall panicum, Giant foxtail, Honeyvine milkweed, Trumpetcreeper, Wild sweet potato, and Yellow nutsedge in corn; Johnsongrass in soybeans and Chickweed and Wild garlic in wheat.

Extension specialists were asked to provide lists of pests of particular concern for each crop in the IPM program. Pests in this category found in alfalfa in 1992 included Leaf spots, Phtophthora root rot, Alfalfa weevil, Potato leafhopper, Chickweed, Dock, Crabgrass, Mustards, and Thistle. Only a small amount of Stewart's wilt was found in corn, plus European corn borer, Black cutworm, Fall Armyworm, Armyworm, and the three corn rootworm beetle species (Northern, Southern, and Western). Weeds of particular concern in corn included Johnsongrass, Shattercane, Honeyvine milkweed, Giant ragweed, and Cocklebur in 1992. Soybean cyst nematode and very small amounts of Sudden death syndrome were the only soybean diseases noted; insect pests included Bean leaf beetle, Grasshopper, and Green cloverworm. Weeds present were Johnsongrass, Cocklebur, Black nightshade, Giant ragweed, and Velvetleaf. Only two tobacco diseases of concern were reported for IPM fields: Tobacco blue mold and Virus complex (including Tobacco etch virus and Tobacco ring spot virus). Insects of particular concern in tobacco included Tobacco hornworm, Aphids, Tobacco budworm, Flea beetle, and Wireworm. Weeds of particular concern were reported as being in relatively few fields: Morningglory, Lambsquarters, Pigweeds, Crabgrass, and Yellow nutsedge. Several wheat diseases of concern were also quite widespread in 1992, including Glume blotch and Septoria leaf blotch. Other diseases that occurred in relatively few fields included Powdery mildew and Leaf rust. Insects of particular concern in wheat that were reported included Aphids, Armyworm, and Cereal leaf beetle. All four weed species of concern in wheat were reported for 1992: Wild garlic, Chickweed, Mustards, and Henbit.

	Original document: 5 December 1996 Last updated: 5 December 1996