Chapter 16 Citric Acid Cycle

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Overview: Just as in the last chapter, we will continue to focus on the reactions

"inside the box" below.

 

A. Metabolism of carbohydrates other than glucose

Thus far, we have focused exclusively on the metabolism of glucose. Before proceeding with the discussion of the citric acid cycle, I will take up (briefly) the metabolism of other carbohydrates. This material is extracted from Chapter 17 which we will not formally cover.

1. monosaccharides

fructose

2. disaccharides

sucrose

lactose

3. oligosaccharides

B. Metabolism of pyruvate

1. anaerobic fates of pyruvate

anaerobic metabolism (yeast)

anaerobic metabolism (microorganisms, eukaryotes)

2. citric acid cycle (and the aerobic metabolism of pyruvate)

 

overview:

where? mitochondrial matrix shown in cartoon below

a. oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate

 

 

pyruvate dehydrogenase complex:

E1 pyruvate dehydrogenase: role of thiamine pyrophosphate

E2 dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase: role of lipoic acid

E3 dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase: role of FAD

b. First quadrant

Step 1

Steps 2 and 3:

c. Second quadrant

Step 4:

 

regulated step

d. Third quadrant

 

 

Step 5:

e. Fourth quadrant

Step 6:

 

Step 7:

Steps 8 and 9: