The Sloans Valley Member (Paragon Formation) of Kentucky: Echinodermata

by Don R. Chesnut (chesnut<at>uky.edu)
©DRC 2014

Phylum Echinodermata Klein, 1734
[The analysis by Chesnut and Ettensohn, 1988 is used for this phylum.]

Class Blastoidea Say, 1825

Order Spiraculata Jaeckel, 1918

Family Pentremitidae d'Orbigny, 1851

Genus Pentremites Say, 1820


Pentremites tulipaeformis Hambach, 1903
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Pentremites elegans Lyon, 1860
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Pentremites robustus Lyon, 1860
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Pentremites pyriformis Say, 1825
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Class Edrioasteroidea Billings, 1858

Order Isorophida Bell, 1976

Suborder Isorophina Bell, 1976

Family Agelacrinitidae Clarke, 1901

Genus Lepidodiscus Meek and Worthen, 1868


Lepidodiscus laudoni (Bassler, 1936)
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Genus Ulrichidiscus Bassler, 1935

Ulrichidiscus pulaskiensis (Miller and Gurley, 1894)
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Class Crinoidea Miller, 1821

Subclass Camerata Wachsmuth and Springer, 1885

Order Monobathrida Moore and Laudon, 1943

Suborder Compsocrinina Ubaghs, 1978

Superfamily Hexacrinitacea Wachsmuth and Springer, 1885

Family Dichocrinidae Miller, 1889

Subfamily Talarocrininae Ubaghs, 1953

Genus Pterotocrinus Lyon and Casseday, 1859


Pterotocrinus acutus Wetherby, 1879
[This species includes many former species that were widely recognized.]
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Pterotocrinus depressus Lyon and Casseday, 1860
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Genus Talarocrinus Wachsmuth and Springer, 1881

Talarocrinus decornis Wachsmuth and Springer, 1897


Subfamily Dichocrininae Miller, 1889

Genus Hyrtanecrinus Broadhead and Strimple, 1980


Hyrtanecrinus pentalobus (Casseday and Lyon, 1862)
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Genus Strimplecrinus Broadhead, 1981

Strimplecrinus superstes (Wachsmuth and Springer, 1897)
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Subfamily Camptocrininae Broadhead, 1981

Genus Camptocrinus Wachsmuth and Springer, 1897


Camptocrinus cirrifer (Wachsmuth and Springer, 1897)
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Family Acrocrinidae Wachsmuth and Springer, 1885

Subfamily Acrocrininae Wachsmuth and Springer, 1885

Genus Acrocrinus Yandell, 1855


Acrocrinus shumardi Yandell, 1855
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Subclass Inadunata Wachsmuth and Springer, 1885

Order Disparida Moore and Laudon, 1943
none were found



Order Cladida Moore and Laudon, 1943

Suborder Poteriocrinitina Jaeckel, 1918

Superfamily Zeacrinitacea Bassler and Moodey, 1943

Family Zeacrinitidae Moore and Laudon, 1943

Genus Zeacrinites Troost, 1858


Zeacrinites wortheni (Hall, 1858)
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Genus Bicidiocrinus Strimple, 1975

Bicidiocrinus wetherbyi (Wachsmuth and Springer, 1886)
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Genus Tholocrinus Kirk, 1939

Tholocrinus spinosus (Wood, 1909)
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Genus Linocrinus Kirk, 1938

Linocrinus laurelensis Chesnut and Ettensohn, 1988
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Superfamily Pirasocrinacea Moore and Laudon, 1943

Family Pirasocrinidae Moore and Laudon, 1943

Genus Dasciocrinus Kirk, 1939


Dasciocrinus florialis (Yandell and Shumard, 1847)
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Superfamily Texacrinacea Strimple, 1961

Family Cymbiocrinidae Strimple and Watkins, 1969

Genus Cymbiocrinus Kirk, 1944


Cymbiocrinus grandis Kirk, 1944
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Genus Aenigmocrinus Strimple, 1973

Aenigmocrinus anomalos (Wetherby, 1880)
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Superfamily Scytalocrinacea Moore and Laudon, 1943

Family Scytalocrinidae Moore and Laudon, 1943

Genus Phacelocrinus Kirk, 1940


Phacelocrinus longidactylus (McChesney, 1860)
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Phacelocrinus bisselli (Worthen, 1873)


Genus Pulaskicrinus Chesnut and Ettensohn, 1988

Pulaskicrinus campanulus (Horowitz, 1965)
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Genus Wetherbyocrinus Chesnut and Ettensohn, 1988

Wetherbyocrinus pulaskiensis (Miller and Gurley, 1896)
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Family Blothrocrinidae Moore and Laudon, 1943

Genus Culmicrinus Jaeckel, 1918


Culmicrinus vagulus (Miller and Gurley, 1895)
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Family Aphelecrinidae Strimple, 1967

Genus Aphelecrinus Kirk, 1944


Aphelecrinus randolphensis (Worthen, 1873)
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Superfamily Lophocrinacea Bather, 1899

Family Stellarocrinidae Strimple, 1961

Genus Rhopocrinus Kirk, 1942


Rhopocrinus spinosus Kirk, 1942
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Superfamily Agassizocrinacea Miller, 1889

Family Ampelocrindae Kirk, 1942

Genus Ampelocrinus Kirk, 1942


Ampelocrinus kaskaskiensis (Worthe, 1882)
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Family Agassizocrinidae Miller, 1889

Genus Anartiocrinus Kirk, 1940


Anartiocrinus lyoni Kirk, 1940
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Genus Agassizocrinus Owen and Shumard, 1852

Agassizocrinus conicus Owen and Shumard, 1852
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Agassizocrinus cf. A. dactyliformis Shumard, 1853
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Superfamily Decadocrinacea Bather, 1890

Family Decadocrinidae Bather, 1890

Genus Ramulocrinus Laudon, Parks and Spreng, 1952


Ramulocrinus milleri (Wetherby, 1881)
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Superfamily Cromyocrinacea Bather, 1890

Family Phanocrinidae Knapp, 1969

Genus Phanocrinus Kirk, 1937


Phanocrinus maniformis (Yandell and Shumard, 1847)
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Phanocrinus parvaramus Sutton and Winkler, 1940
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Genus Pentaramicrinus Sutton and Winkler, 1940

Pentaramicrinus gracilis (Wetherby, 1880)
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Family Eupachycrinidae Miller, 1889

Genus Eupachycrinus Meek annd Worthen, 1865


Eupachycrinus boydii Meek and Worthen, 1870
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Subclass Flexibilia Zittel, 1879

Order Taxocrinida Springer, 1913

Superfamily Taxocrinacea Angelin, 1878

Family Synerocrinidae Jaeckel, 1918

Genus Onychocrinus Lyon and Casseday, 1860

Onychocrinus pulaskiensis Miller and Gurley, 1895
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Family Taxocrinidae Angelin, 1878

Genus Taxocrinus Phillips in Morris, 1843

Taxocrinus whitfieldi (Hall, 1858)
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Class Echinoidea Leske, 1778

Subclass Perischoechinoidea M'Coy, 1849

Order Echinocystitoida Jackson, 1912

Family Lepidesthidae Jackson, 1896

Genus Lepidesthes Meek and Worthen, 1868


Lepidesthes formosa Miller, 1879
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Order Palaechinoida Haeckel, 1866

Family Palaechinidae M'Coy, 1849

Genus Palaechinus M'Coy, 1844


Palaechinus jacksoni Chesnut and Ettensohn, 1988
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Order Cidaroida Claus, 1880

Family Archaeocidaridae M'Coy, 1844

Genus Archaeocidaris M'Coy, 1844


Archaeocidaris hemispinifera Chesnut and Ettensohn, 1988
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Subphylum Asterozoa Zittel, 1895

Class Stelleroidea Lamarck, 1816

Subclass Ophiuroidea Gray, 1840

Order Phrynophiurida Matsumoto, 1915

Suborder Euryalina Lamarch, 1816

Family Onychasteridae Miller, 1889

Genus Onychaster Meek and Worthen, 1868


Onychaster strimplei Bjork, Goldbert, and Kesling, 1968
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Order Oegophiurida Matsumoto, 1915

Suborder Lysophiurina Gregory, 1896

?Family Encrinasteridae Schuchert, 1914


encrinasterid species


Subclass Asteroidea Blainville, 1830

Order Spinulosida Perrier, 1884

Suborder Eugnathina Spencer and Wright, 1966

Family Taeniactinidae Spencer, 1927

Genus Callyptactis Spencer, 1930


Calyptactis spenceri Chesnut and Ettensohn, 1988
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