ANA    Anatomy and Neurobiology

ANA 209 PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN ANATOMY.  (3)

The structure of the human body will be examined at various levels: cellular, tissues and organ systems. The gross anatomical arrangement of the body will be studied in a system-by-system format relating structure to function and the fundamentals of human embryology/malformation with adult anatomy. The central nervous system will be emphasized. Prereq: Introductory biology or zoology.

ANA 395 INDEPENDENT RESEARCH

IN ANATOMY AND NEUROBIOLOGY.    (1-3)

Independent research with faculty members. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 credits. Laboratory, three to nine hours per week. Prereq: Biology or psychology majors with sophomore, junior, or senior standing and consent of a faculty member.

ANA 503 INDEPENDENT WORK IN ANATOMY.            (3)

Reading and laboratory work in a defined area of anatomy are carried out under the direct supervision of one staff member. Hours of discussion and laboratory work by individual arrangement. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 credits. Prereq: An introductory course in biology, zoology, or botany and consent of instructor.

ANA 511 INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY.      (5)

The principles of organization of the human body are presented. Gross anatomy lectures initially follow a systemic plan. This is succeeded by a regional presentation. Several methods of studying anatomy are utilized. These include radiology, palpation of living structures, and the demonstration of prosected fresh and fixed materials. Prereq: Some background in biology, including one or more such courses as biology, zoology, botany, comparative anatomy or embryology, and enrollment in the College of Medicine or a graduate program in the biomedical sciences. In addition, students from graduate programs outside of anatomy must obtain the consent of the course director before registration.

ANA 512 MICROSCOPY AND ULTRASTRUCTURE.       (4)

The organization of cells, tissues and organs are presented through lectures and in the laboratory, through the microscopic study of histological sections and illustrations. Prereq: Some background in biology, including one or more such courses as biology, zoology, botany, histological techniques, comparative anatomy or embryology and enrollment in the College of Medicine or a graduate program in the biomedical sciences. In addition, students from graduate programs outside of anatomy must obtain the consent of the course director before registration.

ANA 516 ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.        (3)

The gross and microscopic structure of the central and peripheral nervous systems and their blood supply will be studied. The course will include the functional interpretation of anatomical structures and clinical correlations. Lecture, two hours; laboratory, two hours. Prereq: ANA 511, 512, 513; PGY 511; and enrollment in the College of Medicine or a graduate program in the biomedical sciences. In addition, students from graduate programs outside of anatomy must obtain the consent of the course director before registration.

¶ANA 529 CONCEPTS OF MORPHOLOGY.

ANA 530 COMBINED HISTOLOGY AND

SPECIAL ORAL MICROANATOMY.          (5)

An analysis of the histological structure and organization of the human body, including an especially detailed treatment of the tissues and organs related to the oral cavity. Prereq: Admission to the College of Dentistry or some background in biology and consent of instructor.

ANA 532 SYSTEMIC HUMAN ANATOMY.           (2)

A presentation at the gross-anatomical level of the structure and organization of the several organ systems that constitute the human body. Prereq: Admission to the College of Dentistry.

*ANA 534 GROSS ANATOMY AND NEUROANATOMY.                       (6)

Study of human gross anatomy and neuroanatomy, with a particular emphasis on functional anatomy and neuroanatomy of the head and neck. Lecture/laboratory course, with dissection being an essential component of the laboratory portion. 140 hours. Prereq: Admission to the College of Dentistry or some background in biology and consent of instructor. (Same as OBI 815.)

*ANA 536 HUMAN EMBRYOLOGY,

AN ABBREVIATED COURSE.         (2)

A concise presentation of developmental mechanisms, early development of the embryo, and subsequent development of selected systems and regions of the body. Lecture, one hour. Prereq: Admission to the College of Dentistry.

ANA 538 HUMAN NEUROANATOMY,

AN ABBREVIATED COURSE.         (1)

A concise presentation of the functional organization of the human nervous system. Lecture, two hours. Prereq: Admission to the College of Dentistry.

ANA 600 SEMINAR IN ANATOMY.           (1)

A weekly seminar devoted to presentation and discussion of classic and new research in the field. May be repeated to a maximum of four credits. Prereq: Admission to the anatomy graduate program or permission of the course director.

ANA 605 PRINCIPLES OF NEUROBIOLOGY.      (4)

The objective of this course is to provide graduate students of diverse backgrounds with an introduction and overview of neurobiology. Areas covered will include neuronal and glial cell biology, neurotransmitters, signaling mechanisms, neuroanatomy, and neuronal development. The course is designed to provide a brief overview of each of the areas and introduce students to current research questions. The course will consist of lectures and informal presentations in a 'Journal Club' format. The course will be interdisciplinary and will be of interest to graduate students in anatomy, biology, biochemistry, immunology, pharmacy, pharmacology, physiology, psychology and toxicology and to neurology and neurosurgery residents. Prereq: Introductory biochemistry course, or equivalent, and/or consent of instructor. (Same as BCH/NEU/PGY/PHA 605.)

ANA 611 REGIONAL HUMAN ANATOMY.          (5)

Functional human anatomy covering all regions of the body utilizing dissection techniques with an emphasis on cross-sectional anatomy and normal morphology. Lecture, four hours; laboratory, four hours per week. Prereq: Enrollment in the PAS Program of the College of Allied Health or a graduate program in the biomedical sciences (by consent of course director only).

ANA 612 BIOLOGY OF AGING.     (3)

A multidisciplinary discussion of how the process of aging affects biological systems. Coverage will be quite broad and includes topics such as subcellular and cellular aging, genetics, immunology, anatomy and physiology, animal model of aging, etc. Prereq: Enrollment in a graduate program of a biomedical science department or consent of instructor. (Same as BIO/GRN/PGY 612.)

¶ANA 613 BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE NEUROBIOLOGY.

¶ANA 614 TECHNIQUES IN BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE NEUROBIOLOGY.

ANA 618 MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY.           (4)

This course provides knowledge base and analytical skills in the field of molecular neurobiology. An in-depth introduction to current technologies, their rationale and limitations, will be the focus to address normal brain function and neuropathological conditions. Prereq: BCH 501, 502, NEU 605, or consent of instructor. (Same as BIO/MI/PGY 618.)

ANA 629 TECHNIQUES OF ANATOMICAL RESEARCH.            (2)

The objective of this course is the familiarization of students with research techniques in anatomy. The relationship will be tutorial. Students will work under the direction of given staff members for determined periods of time, usually on a problem. The exact length of time will depend upon the student's purposes, progress and the techniques. The problem may be new research or a repetition of previous work. May be repeated to a maximum of four hours. Prereq: Previous senior college or graduate level work in biology and consent of instructor.

ANA 631 ADVANCED HUMAN ANATOMY.        (3-5)

The objective of this course is to meet individual student needs for increased knowledge in particular areas of gross human morphology. Investigations of problems involving gross morphology will be carried out. One or several defined areas of the body will be studied in considerable detail by dissection, by intensive use of the pertinent literature, by the use of visual aids, prosected materials and other appropriate learning aids. Prereq: A background in gross human anatomy equivalent to a medical school course in regional anatomy and consent of course director and/or Director of Graduate Studies in Anatomy and Neurobiology.

ANA 633 ADVANCED DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY. (2-5)

This is a detailed study of intra-uterine development, both normal and abnormal, usually arranged as a tutorial or small seminar series. Enrollment limited to 10 students. Prereq: ANA 511 or 811 and ANA 513 or their equivalents; or consent of instructor.

ANA 636 ADVANCED NEUROANATOMY.          (3-5)

The objectives include specific and detailed correlation of microscopic and ultrastructural morphology of structures in the nervous system with function of these structures. Emphasis will be placed on structure-function relationships, neurotransmitters, chemical constituents of the nervous system, neuronal as well as non-neuronal cells, plasticity of the nervous system and developmental biology. The detailed content and emphasis will depend on both the background and goals of the students. Depending on number of credits a student registers for, and the topic and course orientation, laboratory work, library work, written and/or oral presentations may be a course requirement. Prereq: ANA 511, 512, 513, 516, or equivalents, or consent of instructor.

ANA 638 DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY. (3)

An explanation of the processes which contribute to the development of the nervous system. Neurophysiological, cell biological and molecular approaches to cell differentiation, neuronal pathfinding and synapse formation and stabilization will be explored and discussed. Examples will be drawn from both vertebrate and invertebrate preparations. Prereq: BIO 535 or consent of instructor. (Same as BIO/PGY/PSY 638.)

ANA 660 BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION.            (3)

Advanced study of current topics in reproductive biology. The course is comprised equally of student-led discussions and lectures given by faculty with research expertise in selected topics. Readings will be taken from current and classic literature. Topics covered include (but are not limited to) molecular and cellular endocrinology, hormone receptors and mechanism of action, reproductive neuroendocrinology, reproductive behavior, gametogenesis, fertilization, sexual differentiation, puberty, menopause and environmental effects on reproduction. Emphasis will be placed on the analysis and understanding of the experimental basis for current concepts in reproductive biology. Prereq: ASC/PGY 601 and ASC 364 or BIO/PGY 502 or consent of instructor. (Same as ASC 660 and PGY 660).

ANA 662 ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANATOMY.        (2-5)

The objectives of this course are to advance the students' knowledge of the submicroscopic structure of cells and tissues. Correlation of intra- and extracellular morphology and function will be emphasized. Students will do detailed laboratory work in the techniques of electron microscopy. Depending on the number of credits a student registers for, and the topic and course orientation, laboratory work, library work, written and/or oral presentations may be a course requirement. Prereq: ANA 512, previous work in microscopy including histology or cytology, or equivalents, and consent of instructor.

ANA 710 AGING OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.    (3)

This course will examine the alterations in the brain that occur with aging and in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. The emphasis will be on human aging although the relevance of animal models to studies of human aging will be a recurrent theme. The course will examine aging at several levels, including molecular, cellular, organismic, and behavioral. Prereq: GRN 620. A strong background in the basic sciences. (Same as GRN/PGY/PHA 710.)

ANA 748 MASTER'S THESIS RESEARCH. (0)

Half-time to full-time work on thesis. May be repeated to a maximum of six semesters. Prereq: All course work toward the degree must be completed.

ANA 749 DISSERTATION RESEARCH.      (0)

Half-time to full-time work on dissertation. May be repeated to a maximum of six semesters. Prereq: Registration for two full-time semesters of 769 residence credit following the successful completion of the qualifying exams.

ANA 768 RESIDENCE CREDIT

FOR THE MASTER'S DEGREE.        (1-6)

May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.

ANA 769 RESIDENCE CREDIT

FOR THE DOCTOR'S DEGREE.       (0-12)

May be repeated indefinitely.

ANA 790 RESEARCH IN ANATOMY.        (1-12)

Individualized laboratory and research experience under the supervision of a faculty member. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 credits. Prereq: Consent of the instructor.

ANA 801 HISTOLOGY FOR

PHYSICAL THERAPY STUDENTS. (1)

A survey of selected basic and specialized mammalian tissues most commonly involved in diseases treated by physical therapists. The course provides information required for understanding the cellular mechanisms behind the various diseases and the rationale for subsequent treatment. Prereq: Admission to the College of Allied Health.

ANA 802 NEUROANATOMY FOR

PHYSICAL THERAPY STUDENTS. (2)

A concise account of the functional anatomy of the central nervous system. The anatomical organization is correlated with physiological activity. Emphasis is placed upon the morphological basis for progressively higher levels of control of activity from the simple reflex to voluntary motor activities controlled by the cerebral cortex. This type of knowledge is required for proper understanding and performance of physical therapy technicians in the treatment of medical and surgical disease.

ANA 811 HUMAN ANATOMY FOR

ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONS.  (5)

A dissection-based gross anatomy course designed to present the principles of the human body in a regional format with special emphasis on functional/clinical anatomical relationships. Prereq: Enrollment in the PT program of the College of Allied Health Professions.

ANA 812 HUMAN STRUCTURE/

CELL AND TISSUE BIOLOGY.        (4)

The organization of cells, tissues and organs is presented in lectures and in the laboratory through the study of in vivo materials, histological sections and electron microscopic illustrations with focus on the correlation of structure and function. Small group discussions on select topics supplement full classroom work. Lecture, 20 hours per week. Prereq: Admission to Medical School (first year). (Same as MD 812.)

¶ANA 813 DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY FOR PHYSICAL THERAPY STUDENTS.

ANA 814 HUMAN STRUCTURE/GROSS ANATOMY.      (6)

The course consists of lecture, small group, laboratory, and palpation exercises that provide a basic understanding of anatomical principles, organization and development. Anatomical structures are introduced as a basis for future functional correlates and principles are taught via laboratory discussions, prosections, disections, films and skeletal materials. Lecture, 20 hours per week. Prereq: Admission to Medical School (first year). (Same as MD 814.)

ANA 850-899 FOURTH-YEAR ELECTIVE

FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS.            (1-6)

With the advice and approval of the faculty adviser and the Student Progress and Promotions Committee, the fourth-year student may choose approved electives offered by the various departments in the College of Medicine. The intent is to provide the student an opportunity to develop his/her fund of knowledge and clinical competence. Prereq: Admission to the fourth year, College of Medicine and/or by the permission of the Student Progress and Promotions Committee.

Approved electives:

ANA 850 APPLIED HUMAN ANATOMY