Study Guide for 2nd Mid-Term
Exam Date: Wed.,
Nov. 6
Bring blue book and pen.
Material to be covered: Everything covered in lectures, discussions and readings since the first midterm: Chapters on Liberalism and Socialism, Development of the Modern City, the ‘New Imperialism,’ “To the Age Its Art,” World War I, in Discovering the Western Past, and Katie Makanya book; lectures on 1848, Unification of Germany, Second Industrial Revolution, European Imperialism, Art and Society, Reactions against Liberalism, Origins of the Great War, Russian Revolution, Post-War Settlement (Mon., Nov. 4).
Structure of Exam: 2/3 of grade will be based on an essay question asking you to bring together ideas from several parts of the course so far to deal with a major issue in European history. There will be a choice between several essay topics; you will write on any one of them. You should expect to spend about 35 min. of the 50-minute exam period working on the essay question. The remaining 1/3 of the grade will be based on answers to several ID questions. There will be a list of ID items chosen from the list on this study guide. You will be asked to identify the item and explain its historical significance in 2-3 sentences. Plan to spend 15 min. on the ID section (about 3 min. per item).
Key Concepts, Events, Movements, People, etc., to know for the exam. If you are familiar with the following items, you should be prepared to answer both the essay and ID sections of the exam.
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Key ideas of liberalism (Tocqueville) |
Key ideas of socialism (Marx) |
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Definition of proletariat |
Definition of bourgeoisie (middle class) |
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Class struggle |
Dangers of democracy (according to liberals) |
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Revolutions of 1848: where? |
Revolutions of 1848: why? Demands? |
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Revolutions of 1848: who? Participants? |
Revolutions of 1848: outcomes? |
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Change in political atmosphere in Europe, 1848-1871 |
Napoleon III (Louis Napoleon) |
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Unification of Italy |
Bismarck |
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Unification of Germany |
Role of war in German unification |
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Consequences of urban growth in 19th century Europe |
Ways in which urban living was made tolerable after 1850 |
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How cities reflected bourgeois culture |
Why was the ‘new imperialism’ new? |
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Areas of the world affected by the ‘new imperialism’ |
Main arguments in favor of imperialism after 1870 |
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Impact of imperialism on colonized peoples |
Economic explanation of imperialism |
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Role of nationalism in imperialism |
Katie Makanya’s reactions to imperialism |
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Relationship between late 19th century art and prevailing social values |
Impressionism |
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Expressionism (in art) |
Cubism |
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Growth of socialist parties |
Reformist or revisionist socialism |
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Marx’s economic ideas |
Characteristics of the ‘new right’ of the 1890s |
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European balance of power |
Bismarck and alliance system |
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Triple Alliance, Triple Entente |
Importance of Balkan nationalism |
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Characteristics of fighting in World War I |
Civilians’ experience during WWI |
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‘total war’: definition |
Outcome of World War I |
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Russian Revolutions: 1905, 1917 |
Lenin and Bolsheviks |
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soviets |
Communism |
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Treaty of Versailles |
New nations after World War I |
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League of Nations |
American role in post-war settlement |
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Wilson and Wilsonianism |
Jean Jaures |
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Leon Trotsky |
War-guilt controversy |