Asian Pear, Apple, and Peach Variety Demonstrations - 2006
Joseph Masabni, Dwight Wolfe, June Johnston, and Hilda Rogers, Department
of Horticulture
Introduction
Cultivar choice is one of the most important decisions every fruit producer
makes. Although cultivar performance and fruit quality information is very
useful, obtaining this information is time-consuming, due to the time required
for fruit trees to start production. It is also expensive due to the large
number of cultivars available. One way of reducing this cost is to conduct a
variety trial of the most recent cultivars with potential of performing well in
Kentucky.
Materials and Methods
In the spring of 1997, an apple variety trial was planted in the orchard of
the UK Research and Education Center at Princeton, Kentucky. Various apple
cultivars (two trees per cultivar) were planted. Four Asian pear cultivars
(eight trees) were also included in the west side guard row. In 2004 (1) and
2005 (2), and 2006 phenological stages were recorded in the spring and yield,
fruit size (average weight of 50 fruits), flesh firmness, and percent soluble
solids (Brix) were recorded at harvest.
In 2004, a block of 37 peach cultivars was planted. This planting consists of two trees per variety spaced 6 ft apart within rows 18 ft apart. The phenology of each cultivar was recorded in 2005 (3), and again in 2006. Also recorded in 2006, was yield, number of fruit, and Brix readings of three fruits.
Results and Discussion
Phenology, harvest, and fruit quality data for the apples and Asian pears
are presented in Tables 1 and 2. Yield comparisons between any two varieties
should not be used as evidence that one variety is a better yielder than the
other. We will continue evaluating these varieties over a few years to determine
how they perform over time.
The top three yielding apple varieties in 2006 were Senshu, Sun Fuji, and Yataka, yielding 148, 120, and 79 lbs/tree, respectively. Phenology of each peach cultivar is presented in Table 3. Yield, average weight per fruit, and average Brix reading are presented in Table 4.
Literature Cited
| Table 1. Dates of phenological stages for apple and pear cultivars in 2006 at Princeton, Ky. | |||||||
| Cultivars/Rootstock (Nursery) |
Green Tip |
Half-Inch Green |
Tight Cluster |
Pink |
Bloom |
Petal Fall |
Fruit Set |
| Asian Pear | |||||||
| Chojuro / OHxF97 (RM) |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
29 March |
5 April |
11 April |
| Korean Giant / OHxF97 (RM) |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
27 March |
5 April |
11 April |
| Niitaka / OHxF333 (RM) |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
29 March |
5 April |
11 April |
| Apple | |||||||
| Jonagold De Coster / M.9 (ACN) |
13 March |
17 March |
31 March |
3 April |
8 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Rubinstar Jonagold / M.9 (Wafler’s) |
17 March |
29 March |
31 March |
5 April |
11 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Morren’s Jonagored / B.9 (Stark’s) |
16 March |
23 March |
30 March |
2 April |
7 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Shizuka / B.9 (RM) |
13 March |
17 March |
27 March |
31 March |
3 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Florina / CG.10 (RM) |
17 March |
21 March |
31 March |
3 April |
8 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Enterprise ‘PP9193’ / CG.10 (RM) |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
31 March |
3 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Sun Fuji / M.9 (ACN) |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
31 March |
3 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Yataka / M.9 (Starks) |
13 March |
23 March |
31 March |
3 April |
8 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Senshu / M.9 (Starks) |
11 March |
13 March |
17 March |
31 March |
8 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| GoldRush / M.9 (Starks) |
17 March |
25 March |
31 March |
3 April |
8 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Pristine ‘PPAF’ / M.9 (RM) |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
29 March |
3 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Monark / B.9 (RM) |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
29 March |
3 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| William’s Pride ‘PP6268’ / O.3 (RM) |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
29 March |
31 March |
17 April |
19 April |
| Redfree ‘PP4322’ / CG.10 (RM) |
15 March |
17 March |
31 March |
3 April |
11 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Sansa ‘PP 6519’ / M.9 (ACN) |
10 March |
13 March |
17 March |
3 April |
5 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Rezista ‘Gala’ (Releika) |
10 March |
13 March |
17 March |
31 March |
5 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Crimson Crisp-Coop 39 / CG.10 (RM) |
13 March |
29 March |
31 March |
3 April |
11 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Big Red ‘BJ 45’ Gala / CG10 (RM) |
10 March |
13 March |
17 March |
31 March |
3 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| 6882 Pixie Crunch Dwarf / M.9 |
10 March |
17 March |
27 March |
3 April |
8 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Liberty / M.9 (Starks) |
10 March |
13 March |
17 March |
31 March |
3 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Scarlet O’Hara-Coop25 / B9 (RM) |
10 March |
13 March |
31 March |
3 April |
8 April |
17 April |
19 April |
| Table 2. 2006 harvest results from the 1997 apple and pear cultivar trial at Princeton, Ky. | |||||||||
| Cultivars/Rootstock (Nursery) |
Harvest Date |
2006 Yield (lbs/tree) |
Fruit Weight (oz) |
Flesh Firmness (lbs) |
Brix (%) |
||||
| Asian Pear | |||||||||
|
Chojuro / OHxF97 (RM) |
9/5 |
33 |
5.4 |
- |
- |
||||
|
Korean Giant / OHxF97 (RM) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
||||
|
Niitaka / OHxF333 (RM) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
||||
| Apple | |||||||||
|
Jonagold De Coster / M.9 (ACN) |
8/31 |
62 |
8.1 |
18.0 |
13.9 |
||||
|
Rubinstar Jonagold / M.9 (Wafler’s) |
8/31 |
17 |
3.0 |
22.6 |
15.3 |
||||
|
Morren’s Jonagored / B.9 (Stark’s) |
9/7 |
73 |
8.4 |
- |
- |
||||
|
Shizuka / B.9 (RM) |
9/19 |
37 |
9.9 |
15.9 |
14.1 |
||||
|
Florina / CG.10 (RM) |
9/19 |
70 |
8.3 |
17.1 |
14.1 |
||||
|
Enterprise ‘PP9193’ / CG.10 (RM) |
10/3 |
60 |
7.3 |
16.7 |
14.6 |
||||
|
Sun Fuji / M.9 (ACN) |
10/3 |
120 |
6.4 |
15.9 |
13.4 |
||||
|
Yataka / M.9 (Starks) |
10/3 |
79 |
6.2 |
16.1 |
13.6 |
||||
|
Senshu / M.9 (Starks) |
8/31 |
148 |
6.3 |
16.8 |
12.3 |
||||
|
GoldRush / M.9 (Starks) |
9/19 |
50 |
8.0 |
26.8 |
16.0 |
||||
|
Pristine ‘PPAF’ / M.9 (RM) |
7/9 |
28 |
5.4 |
14.5 |
11.4 |
||||
|
Monark / B.9 (RM) |
7/14 |
32 |
5.1 |
14.5 |
11.5 |
||||
|
William’s Pride ‘PP6268’ / O.3 (RM) |
7/14 |
2 |
- |
20.5 |
11.7 |
||||
|
Redfree ‘PP4322’ / CG.10 (RM) |
7/26 |
26 |
6.1 |
13.0 |
12.0 |
||||
|
Rezista ‘Gala’ (Releika) |
8/19 |
14 |
4.3 |
22.4 |
15.1 |
||||
|
Sansa ‘PP 6519’ / M.9 (ACN) |
8/3 |
34 |
6.0 |
13.9 |
13.1 |
||||
|
Crimson Crisp-Coop 39/CG.10 (RM) |
8/10 |
55 |
6.9 |
22.1 |
12.7 |
||||
|
Big Red ‘BJ 45’ Gala / CG10 (RM) |
8/10 |
40 |
8.3 |
12.1 |
12.5 |
||||
|
6882 Pixie Crunch Dwarf / M.9 |
831 |
6 |
- |
- |
- |
||||
|
Liberty / M.9 (Starks) |
8/31 |
34 |
5.0 |
21.2 |
13.5 |
||||
|
Scarlet O’Hara (Coop 25/ B.9 ) |
8/10 |
46 |
6.6 |
22.3 |
14.7 |
||||
|
Table 3. Dates of phenological stages for peach cultivars at Princeton, Ky., 2006. |
||||||
| Peach Cultivar |
Swollen Bud |
Half-Inch Green |
Pink |
Bloom |
Petal Fall |
Fruit Set |
| John Boy |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| White Lady |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| Redhaven |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| RedStar |
8 March |
13 March |
17 March |
29 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| Snow Brite |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
5 April |
13 April |
| Sugar May |
8 March |
10 March |
12 March |
13 March |
5 April |
13 April |
| Spring Snow |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
5 April |
13 April |
| Allstar |
8 March |
13 March |
14 March |
15 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| Contender |
8 March |
13 March |
17 March |
29 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Coralstar |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Sugar Giant |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Klondike |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| NJ 275 |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| John Boy II |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Snow Giant |
8 March |
10 March |
14 March |
15 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Laurol |
8 March |
13 March |
14 March |
15 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Encore |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Cresthaven |
8 March |
13 March |
17 March |
21 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Glowinstar |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Blushingstar |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Summer Breeze |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| PF Lucky 21 |
8 March |
11 March |
12 March |
13 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| PF 17 |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
29 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| PF 15A |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
29 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| PF Lucky 13 |
8 March |
12 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| PF 7 |
8 March |
13 March |
14 March |
15 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| PF 5 B |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| PF 1 |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| PF 35-007 |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
13 April |
| Sweet-N-Up |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| Crimson Rocket |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| PF 27A |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| PF 25 |
8 March |
10 March |
13 March |
15 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| PF 24C |
8 March |
13 March |
17 March |
29 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| PF 20-007 |
8 March |
13 March |
15 March |
17 March |
3 April |
11 April |
| Galaxy |
8 March |
10 March |
12 March |
13 March |
17 March |
27 March |
| Flat Wonderful |
8 March |
10 March |
12 March |
13 March |
17 March |
27 March |
| Table 4. Results of the 2006 harvest from the 2004 peach cultivar trial at Princeton, Ky. | ||||
| Cultivar |
Harvest Date |
2006 Yield (lbs/tree) |
Fruit Weight (oz) |
Brix (%) |
| John Boy |
24 July |
15.8 |
5.5 |
11.6 |
| White Lady |
20 July |
39.4 |
3.2 |
11.2 |
| Redhaven |
13 July |
41.0 |
3.7 |
9.9 |
| RedStar |
13 July |
27.8 |
3.6 |
9.5 |
| Snow Brite |
11 July |
1.5 |
4.8 |
12.6 |
| Sugar May |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Spring Snow |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Allstar |
31 July |
55.3 |
2.8 |
8.4 |
| Contender |
4 August |
47.5 |
3.7 |
9.4 |
| Coralstar |
27 July |
36.5 |
5.6 |
8.8 |
| Sugar Giant |
4 August |
1.8 |
4.7 |
8.4 |
| Klondike |
24 July |
17.7 |
5.3 |
10.1 |
| NJ 275 (Ernie's Choice) |
27 July |
0.4 |
2.0 |
11.3 |
| John Boy II |
27 July |
26.9 |
6.9 |
10.9 |
| Snow Giant |
21 August |
17.2 |
5.6 |
12.3 |
| Laurol |
21 August |
56.4 |
4.2 |
11.9 |
| Encore |
21 August |
51.4 |
11.3 |
12.1 |
| Cresthaven |
7 August |
34.0 |
4.8 |
11.1 |
| Glowingstar |
27 July |
68.5 |
4.0 |
10.5 |
| Blushingstar |
27 July |
47.1 |
3.4 |
10.5 |
| Summer Breeze |
14 July |
24.7 |
3.2 |
10.9 |
| PF Lucky 21 |
31 July |
30.4 |
5.7 |
11.2 |
| PF 17 |
24 July |
42.7 |
4.3 |
11.4 |
| PF 15A |
13 July |
37.0 |
4.6 |
10.6 |
| PF Lucky 13 |
6 July |
37.0 |
3.9 |
11.3 |
| PF 7 |
27 June |
9.8 |
3.4 |
10.8 |
| PF 5B |
15 June |
25.4 |
3.0 |
10.0 |
| PF 1 |
15 June |
25.6 |
2.8 |
10.0 |
| PF 35-007 |
14 August |
23.9 |
5.1 |
11.3 |
| Sweet-N-Up |
31 July |
0.1 |
0.5 |
8.9 |
| Crimson Rocket |
31 July |
2.5 |
3.1 |
11.3 |
| PF 27 A |
7 August |
13.2 |
4.7 |
12.5 |
| PF 25 |
7 August |
20.0 |
4.9 |
12.3 |
| PF 24C |
31 July |
25.6 |
3.2 |
10.4 |
| PF 20-007 |
24 July |
56.9 |
5.5 |
10.2 |
| Galaxy |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Flat Wonderful |
. |
. |
. |
. |