Coal preparation images

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  • Gluskoter, H.J., Karmis, M.E., Luttrell, G.H., Ramani, R.V., and Vance, G.F., 2009, Chapter 4-Coal preparation, in Gluskoter, H.J., Karmis, M.E., Luttrell, G.H., Ramani, R.V., and Vance, G.F., eds., Meeting projected coal production demands in the USA– Upstream issues, challenges, and strategies: Virginia Center for Coal and Energy Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Summary report to National Commission on Energy Policy, 106–143.
  • Honaker, R.Q., Luttrell, G.H., and Bethell, P.J., 2007, Status of current coal preparation research, in Arnold, B.J., Klima, M.S., and Bethell, P.J., eds., Designing the coal preparation plant of the future: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration (SME) Inc., p. 181–198.
  • Llewellyn, R.L., 1973, Chapter 16: Coal preparation, in Cassidy, S.M., ed., Elements of Practical Coal Mining: American Institute of Minng, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, p. 423–453.
  • Luttrell, G.H., and Honaker, R.Q., 2012, Coal preparation, in Meyers, R.A. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology: Springer, New York, NY., p. 2194–2222
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References for REES from coal refuse

  • Bradley, D.C., Van Gosen, S., Verplanck, P.L., Seal, R.R., II, Long, K.R., and Gambogi, G., 2017, Chapter O: Rare-Earth Elements, in Schulz, K.J., DeYoung, J.H., Jr., Seal, R.R., II, and Bradley, D.C., eds., Critical Mineral Resources of the United States—Economic and Environmental Geology and Prospects for Future Supply: U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 1802-O, 31 p.
  • Honaker, R.Q., Zhang, W., Yang, X. and Rezaee, M., 2018, Conception of an integrated flowsheet for rare earth elements recovery from coal coarse refuse: Minerals Engineering, v. 122, p. 233–240.
  • Honaker, R., Yang, X., Chandra, A., Zhang, W. and Werner, J., 2018. Hydrometallurgical extraction of rare earth elements from coal, in Davis, B.R., Moats, M.S., Wang, Shijie, and others, eds., Extraction 2018: Proceedings of the First Global Conference on Extractive Metallurgy: Springer International Publishing, Minerals, Metals, and Materials series, p. 2309–2322.
  • Hood, M.M., Taggart, R.K., Smith, R.C., Hsu-Kim, H., Henke, K.R., Graham, U., Groppo, J.G., Unrine, J.M. and Hower, J.C., 2017, Rare earth element distribution in fly ash derived from the Fire Clay coal, Kentucky: Coal Combustion and Gasification Products, v. 9, no. 1, p. 22–33.
  • Hower, J.C., Ruppert, L.F. and Eble, C.F., 1999, Lanthanide, yttrium, and zirconium anomalies in the Fire Clay coal bed, Eastern Kentucky: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 39, no. 1-3, p. 141–153.
  • Hower, J.C., Groppo, J.G., Henke, K.R., Hood, M.M., Eble, C.F., Honaker, R.Q., Zhang, W. and Qian, D., 2015, Notes on the potential for the concentration of rare earth elements and yttrium in coal combustion fly ash: Minerals, v. 5, no. 2, p. 356–366.
  • Hower, J.C., Eble, C.F., Dai, S. and Belkin, H.E., 2016. Distribution of rare earth elements in eastern Kentucky coals: indicators of multiple modes of enrichment?: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 160, p. 73–81.
  • Hower, J.C., Groppo, J.G., Henke, K.R., Graham, U.M., Hood, M.M., Joshi, P. and Preda, D.V., 2017, Ponded and landfilled fly ash as a source of rare earth elements from a Kentucky power plant: Coal Combustion and Gasification Products, v. 9, no. 1, p. 1–21.
  • Hower, J.C., Eble, C.F., Backus, J.S., Xie, P., Liu, J., Fu, B. and Hood, M.M., 2020a, Aspects of rare earth element enrichment in Central Appalachian coals: Applied Geochemistry, v. 120, p.104676.
  • Hower, J.C., Groppo, J.G., Joshi, P., Preda, D.V., Gamliel, D.P., Mohler, D.T., Wiseman, J.D., Hopps, S.D., Morgan, T.D., Beers, T. and Schrock, M., 2020b, Distribution of Lanthanides, Yttrium, and Scandium in the pilot-scale beneficiation of fly ashes derived from eastern Kentucky coals: Minerals, v. 10, no. 2, p.105.
  • Hower, J.C. and Groppo, J.G., 2021, Rare Earth-bearing particles in fly ash carbons: Examples from the combustion of eastern Kentucky coals: Energy Geoscience, v. 2, no. 2, p. 90–98.
  • Hower, J.C., Groppo, J.G., Hsu-Kim, H. and Taggart, R.K., 2021, Distribution of rare earth elements in fly ash derived from the combustion of Illinois Basin coals: Fuel, v. 289, p. 119990.
  • Hower, J., Kolker, A., Hsu-Kim, H. and Plata, D., 2022, Rare earth elements in coal-combustion fly ash and their potential recovery, in Karamalidis, A.K., and Eggert, R.G., eds., Rare earth elements and their sustainable extraction from secondary sources: Wiley-AGU Geophysical Monograph Series. In press.
  • Ji, B., Li, Q. and Zhang, W., 2022, Rare earth elements (REEs) recovery from coal waste of the Western Kentucky No. 13 and Fire Clay Seams. Part I: Mineralogical characterization using SEM-EDS and TEM-EDS: Fuel, v. 307, p. 121854.
  • Luttrell, G.H., Kiser, M.J., Yoon, R.-H., Bhagavatula, A., Rezaee, M., and Honaker, R.Q., 2016, Concentrations of Rare Earth Elements generated by U.S. coal preparation plants: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual International Coal Preparation Conference, Louisville, Kentucky, Coal Prep, 2016, p. 35–41.
  • Luttrell, G.H., Kiser, M.J., Yoon, R.H., Noble, A., Rezaee, M., Bhagavatula, A. and Honaker, R.Q., 2019, A field survey of rare earth element concentrations in process streams produced by coal preparation plants in the eastern USA: Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, v. 36, p. 889–902.
  • NETL, 2021a, Critical minerals and materials program: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory website, https://netl.doe.gov/resource-sustainability/critical-minerals-and-materials/background#:~:text=REEs%20include%20lanthanum%20(La)%2C,)%20and%20yttrium%20(Y).
  • NETL 2021b, Research and Programs: Project Type—CORE-CM: U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, website, https://netl.doe.gov/oil-gas/oil-and-gas-project-summaries?tid=All&field_project_type_value=CORE-CM
  • USGS, 2014, The rare-earth elements—Vital to modern technologies and lifestyles: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3078, 4 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3078/
  • Valian, A., Groppo, J.G., Eble, C.F., Hower, J.C., Honaker, R.Q. and Greb, S.F., 2021, Distribution of Rare Earth Elements in the Illinois Basin coals: Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, v. 38 (4), p. 1645–1663.
  • Zhang, W. and Honaker, R., 2020, Process development for the recovery of rare earth elements and critical metals from an acid mine leachate: Minerals Engineering, v. 153, p.106382.
  • Zhang, W., Noble, A., Yang, X. and Honaker, R., 2020, A comprehensive review of rare earth elements recovery from coal-related materials: Minerals, v. 10, no. 5, 451.

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