References: What is coal and coal rank

  • Alpern, B., and de Sousa, M.L., 2002, Documented international enquiry on solid sedimentary fossil fuels; coal: definitions, classifications, reserves-resources, and energy potential: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 3-41.
  • ASTM D121-15, Standard Terminology of Coal and Coke, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2015, www.astm.org.
  • Bustin, R.M., Ross, J.V. and Rouzaud, J.N., 1995, Mechanisms of graphite formation from kerogen: experimental evidence: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 28, no. 1, p. 1-36.
  • Dow, W.D., 1977, Kerogen studies and geological interpretations: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 7, p. 79-99.
  • Friedman, G.M. and Sanders, J.E., 1982, Time-temperature-burial significance of Devonian anthracite implies former great (~6.5 km) depth of burial of Catskill Mountains, New York: Geology, v. 10, no. 2, p.93-96.
  • Hower, J.C. and Gayer, R.A., 2002, Mechanisms of coal metamorphism: case studies from Paleozoic coalfields: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 50, p. 215-245.
  • Hunt, J.M., 1979, Petroleum geochemistry and geology: W.H. Freeman and Co., 617 p.
  • ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 2005, Classification of coal: Geneva, Switzerland, ISO (International Organization for Standardization), 11760, 1st edition.
  • Jackson, J.A. (ed.), 1997, Glossary of geology: American Geological Institute, Fourth edition, 769 p.
  • Krevelen, D.W., van, 1952, Some chemical aspects of coal genesis and coal structure, in Troisième Congres pour lavancement des études de stratigraphie et de géologie du Carbonifère, Heelen, Compte Rendu, v. 1, p. 359-363.
  • Krevelen, D.W. van, 1993, Coal: Typology, Physics, Chemistry, Constitution: New York, Elsevier, 3rd edition.
  • Laubach, S.E., Marrett, R.A., Olson, J.E. and Scott, A.R., 1998, Characteristics and origins of coal cleat: a review: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 35, no. 1, p.175-207.
  • Levine, J.R., 1986, Deep burial of coal-bearing strata, Anthracite region, Pennsylvania: edimentation or tectonics?: Geology, v. 14, p. 577-580.
  • Levine, J.R., 1993, Coalification: The evolution of coal as source rock and reservoir rock for oil and gas: in Law, B.E., and Rice, D.D. (eds.), Hydrocarbons from Coal: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Studies in Geology, v. 38, p. 9-77.
  • Mukhopadhyay, P.K., and Hatcher, P.G., 1993, Composition of coal in Law, B.E., and Rice, D.D. (eds.), Hydrocarbons from Coal: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Studies in Geology, v. 38, p. 79-118.
  • Ruppert, L.F., Hower, J.C., Ryder, R.T., Levine, J.R., Trippi, M.H. and Grady, W.C., 2010, Geologic controls on thermal maturity patterns in Pennsylvanian coal-bearing rocks in the Appalachian basin: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 81(3), p. 169-181.
  • Schopf, J.M., 1956, A definition of coal: Economic Geology, v. 51, no. 6, p. 521-527.
  • Schopf, J.M., 1966, Definitions of peat and coal and of graphite that terminates the coal series (graphocite): The Journal of Geology, v. 74, no. 5, p. 584-592.
  • Stach, E., Mackowsky, M.-Th. Teichmüller, M., Taylor, G.H., Chandra, D., and Teichmüller, R., 1982, Stach's Textbook of Coal Petrolog:. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Stuttgart, 428 p.
  • Taylor, G.H., Teichmüller, M., Davis, A., Diessel, C.F.K., Littke, R., Robert, P., 1998, Organic Petrology: Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin-Stuttgart.
  • Teichmüller, M., 1974, Generation of petroleum-like substances in coal seams as seen under the microscope, in Tissot, B.P., and Bienner, F. (eds.), Advances in Geochemistry: éditions Technip, Paris. Proceedings of the 6th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, Sept. 18-21, Rueil-Malmaison, France, p. 379-408.
  • Teichmüller, M. and Teichmüller, R, 1982, The geologic basis of coal formation, in Stach, E., Mackowsky, M.-Th. Teichmüller, M., Taylor, G.H., Chandra, D., and Teichmüller, R., 1982, Stach's Textbook of Coal Petrology: Gebrüder Borntraeger, Stuttgart, p. 5-174
  • Teichmüller, M., 1989, The genesis of coal from the viewpoint of coal petrology. International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 12: p. 1-87.
  • Tissot, B. and Welte, D.H., 1984, Petroleum Formation and Occurrence. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2nd ed., 699 p.
  • United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN-ECE), 1998, International classification of in-seam coals. UN Economic Commission for Europe, Committee on Sustainable Energy, Geneva.

 

 

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