Review for Exam I
Criminology 437
Criminology
Consensus Model
Conflict Model
Absolute Model
Deviance
Mediated Reality
Classical School of Criminology
Cesare Beccaria
The Positivist School of Criminology
Emile Durkheim’s views on Crime
Research methods (surveys, experiments, participant observation, secondary analysis)
IRB
The strengths and weaknesses of the UCR
The strengths and weaknesses of the NCVS
Other data sources; NYS, KYS
The main differences between the UCR and the NCVS
What are the most recent crime patterns according to the UCR?
What does the UCR tell us about the demographics of criminals?
What are some of the problems in interpreting these data?
Victimology
Various costs for the victims of crime
Social ecology of victimization
Demographics of victims
Likelihood of repeat victimization
Lawrence Sherman’s Hot Spots of crime
Victim Precipitation Theory
Active Precipitation
Passive Precipitation
Hate Crime
High-risk activities
Deviant place theory
Routine Activities Theory-Cohen and Felson
1. Motivated Offender
2. Suitable Target
3. Absence of capable guardianship
Victim-Offender Reconciliation Program (VORP)
Restorative Justice
1. Encounter
2. Amends
3. Reintegration
4. Inclusion
Rational Choice Theory-Beccaria
Is crime rational? Why or why not?
How does rational choice theory influence crime policy?
What are the rewards for committing crimes?
The concept of general deterrence
Severity
Certainty
Celerity
Why capital punishment may not be effective?
Stack’s conclusion
Bailey and Peterson’s conclusion
The concept of specific deterrence
Stigmatization vs. reintegrative shaming
Impact of incapacitation
CPTED-C. Ray Jeffery
From a routine activities standpoint, how can crime be reduced using CPTED?
Just Deserts
Chapters 1-14 in McCall