Kentucky Integrated Pest Management
Annual Summary 1991

ABSTRACT

Eight counties participated in formal county-based Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs in 1991. These programs included 299 fields with a total of 10473 acres. Independent scouting consultants, informal and trial county programs, and farmer-scouts encompassed an additional 114,000 acres. All together, more than 124,000 acres were involved in some phase of integrated pest management during 1991.

Nearly three-fourths of the acreage enrolled in county-based IPM programs was planted in corn. Soybeans accounted for 19% of the acreage and alfalfa 8%. Wheat (1%) and grain sorghum (0.4%) were very small components of the total picture.

The most common disease, insect, and weed pests were arbitrarily identified as those affecting 50% or more of the fields planted in a given crop. Most of the common diseases under this definition occurred in wheat. These included Black chaff, Glume blotch, Head scab, Barley yellow dwarf virus, Powdery mildew,and Septoria nodorum leaf blotch. The only other common disease was Leaf spot in alfalfa. Fields were most severely affected by Head scab and S. nodorum leaf blotch (100% of affected wheat fields over reporting value), Glume blotch, Barley yellow dwarf virus, and Leaf spot (up to 50% of affected fields over reporting value).

Alfalfa weevil and Potato leafhopper were extremely widespread in alfalfa. Grasshoppers were common in both alfalfa and soybeans. Aphids were also common in alfalfa. European corn borer was the only common insect pest in corn. Of these, Alfalfa weevil and Grasshoppers reported a significant number of fields over the reporting values for these pests. European corn borer and Potato leafhopper also exceeded their reporting values in 10-20% of the fields planted in their respective crops.

Nineteen weeds were commonly reported in alfalfa, corn, soybeans, and/or wheat, including Dock, Honeyvine milkweed,and Yellow nutsedge, to name a few.

Extension specialists were asked to provide lists of pests of particular concern for each crop in the IPM program. Pests in this category found in alfalfa in 1991 included Leaf spots, Anthracnose, Alfalfa weevil, Potato leafhopper, Chickweed, Dock, Crabgrass, Mustards, and Thistle. Very small amounts of Stewart's wilt and Anthracnose were found in corn, plus European corn borer, Black cutworm, Fall Armyworm, Armyworm, and the three corn rootworm beetle species (Northern, Southern, and Western). Weeds of particular concern in corn included Johnsongrass, Shattercane, Honeyvine milkweed, and Cocklebur in 1991. Soybean cyst nematode was the only soybean disease noted; insect pests included Bean leaf beetle, Grasshopper, and Green cloverworm. Weeds present were Johnsongrass, Cocklebur, Black nightshade,and Velvetleaf. Several wheat diseases of concern were also quite widespread in 1991, including Powdery mildew, Septoria leaf blotch,and Glume blotch. No insects of particular concern in wheat were reported. Three weed species of concern in wheat were reported for 1991: Wild garlic, Chickweed, and Henbit. Only one field of grain sorghum was surveyed in 1991. Scouts found no diseases of particular concern, but did find Fall armyworm in high numbers and Aphids. Cocklebur was the only weed of concern found in this field in 1991.

	Original document: 5 December 1996 Last updated: 5 December 1996