Immunomodulatory effects of massage on nonperturbed skeletal muscle in rats.

TitleImmunomodulatory effects of massage on nonperturbed skeletal muscle in rats.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2014
AuthorsWaters-Banker C, Butterfield TA, Dupont-Versteegden EE
JournalJ Appl Physiol (1985)
Volume116
Issue2
Pagination164-75
Date Published2014 Jan 15
ISSN1522-1601
KeywordsAnimals, Immunomodulation, Inflammation, Male, Massage, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscular Diseases, Random Allocation, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Tibia, Transcriptome
Abstract

Massage is an ancient manual therapy widely utilized by individuals seeking relief from various musculoskeletal maladies. Despite its popularity, the majority of evidence associated with massage benefits is anecdotal. Recent investigations have uncovered physiological evidence supporting its beneficial use following muscle injury; however, the effects of massage on healthy, unperturbed skeletal muscle are unknown. Utilizing a custom-fabricated massage mimetic device, the purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the effects of various loading magnitudes on healthy skeletal muscle with particular interest in the gene expression profile and modulation of key immune cells involved in the inflammatory response. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (200 g) were subjected to cyclic compressive loading (CCL) over the right tibialis anterior muscle for 30 min, once a day, for 4 consecutive days using four loading conditions: control (0N), low load (1.4N), moderate load (4.5N), and high load (11N). Microarray analysis showed that genes involved with the immune response were the most significantly affected by application of CCL. Load-dependent changes in cellular abundance were seen in the CCL limb for CD68(+) cells, CD163(+) cells, and CD43(+)cells. Surprisingly, load-independent changes were also discovered in the non-CCL contralateral limb, suggesting a systemic response. These results show that massage in the form of CCL exerts an immunomodulatory response to uninjured skeletal muscle, which is dependent upon the applied load.

DOI10.1152/japplphysiol.00573.2013
Alternate JournalJ. Appl. Physiol.
PubMed ID24201707
PubMed Central IDPMC3921362
Grant ListR21 AG042699 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States
T32 HL086341 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
AG-042699 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States
T32-HL-086341 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States